Liver Function Test Flashcards
what type of test is liver function tests (LFT)?
combination of biochemical tests (a panel of tests)
what are spinder angioma, palmar erythema, and gynecomastia due to?
increased conversion of the testosterone to estrogen - stigmata of chronic cirrhosis
what does the LFT test for?
excretory function
serum enzyme levels
synthetic function
metabolic function
increase in total serum bilirubin
increase in conjugated bilirubin
increase in unconjugated bilirubin
hepatitis
increase in only conjugated bilirubin?
intrahepatic cholestasis
what are the two types of disorders in liver?
cholestasis
- intrahepatic - inflammation fo hepatocytes –> compression od CBD/chronic liver cancer
- extrahepatic cholestasis - gall stone or tumor blocking CBD
when may serum conjugated bilirubin be elevated?
in intra or extra hepatic cholestasis
what do the enzyme levels in serum tell you?
whether the disease is hepatocellular or cholestasis
extent of damage
what are the two aminotransferases (transaminases) in hepatocellular injury?
ALT
AST
which specifically increases with acute liver disease?
ALT
what does a ratio of AST:ALT 2:1 indicate?
long standing alcohol cirrhosis
what 3 tissues secrete ALP?
biliary canaliculi
placenta
osteoblasts from bone
what are the enzymes that indicate chlestasis?
ALP
GGT
what does elevated GGT and ALP indicate?
biliary stasis (intra or extra hepatic)
what does elevated ALP and no GGT indicate?
cause of elevated ALP is non-hepatic - bone, placenta etc.
What does elevated GGT and no ALP indicate?
recent alcohol or drug use
what is it when biliary tree is dilated?
extrahepatic cholestasis
what is it when biliary tree is not dilated?
intrahepatic cholestasis
what is long standing chronic liver disease characterized by?
low serum albumin = edema
what two things cause ascities?
portal hypertension
hypoalbuminemia
what does the synthetic function of liver test tell you?
if the disease is chronic or of short duration
when is the gamma band usually elevated?
with cirrhosis
which clotting factors require vitamin K?
2,7,9,10
what 2 things contribute to increase prothrombin time?
reduced synthesis of clotting factors
reduced gamma carboxylation because of low vitamin K
or a combination of both
