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Gastroenterology > Liver > Flashcards

Liver Flashcards

1
Q

Hepatitis B diagnosis

A

HBsAG > 6 months
elevated ALT and HBV DNA > 2000 IU

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2
Q

Hepatitis B treatment

A

tenofovir or entecavir

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3
Q

Hepatitis C diagnosis

A

anti-HCV positive and detectable HCV RNA

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4
Q

Hepatitis C treatment

A

direct-acting antivirals (sofosbuvir/velpatasvir) for 8-12 weeks

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5
Q

Wilson’s disease diagnosis

A

low ceruloplasmin (<20)
high urine copper

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6
Q

Urine copper in Wilson’s

A

> 100 ug/24 hr

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7
Q

Treatment for Wilson’s w/ chelation therapy

A

penicillamine 250 mg BID
maintenance w/ zinc 50 mg TID

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8
Q

Hemochromatosis diagnosis

A

genetic testing for HFE mutation

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9
Q

Transferrin and ferritin (men & women) for hemochromatosis

A

transferrin saturation > 45%
ferritin > 300 in men
ferritin > 200 in women

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10
Q

Hemochromatosis treatment w/ phlebotomy

A

remove 500 mL weekly until ferritin < 50

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11
Q

Vitamins, supplements, substances to avoid with hemochromatosis (3)

A

alcohol
iron
vitamin C

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12
Q

Autoimmune hepatitis diagnosis

A

positive ANA, SMA, or anti-LKM1- confirmed w/ liver biopsy

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13
Q

Additional labs elevated w/ autoimmune hepatitis

A

IgG
AST/ALT > 2x ULN

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14
Q

Autoimmune hepatitis treatment

A

prednisone 40 mg/day
+/- azathioprine 50-100 mg/day

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15
Q

AST/ALT ratio for NAFLD

A

< 1

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16
Q

Acute liver failure diagnosis (3)

A

evidence of hepatic encephalopathy
INR > 1.5
acute LFT elevation

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17
Q

Urine sodium in HRS

A

low, < 10 mEq/L

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18
Q

Transferin saturation in hereditary hemochromatosis

A

high, > 45%

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19
Q

Leading cause of liver transplant in the United States

A

chronic hepatitis C

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20
Q

Hepatitis types that can increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (2)

A

hepatitis B
hepatitis C

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21
Q

Medication classes for hepatitis B treatment (2)

A

nucleoside/nucleotide analogs
interferon therapy

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22
Q

Medication class for hepatitis C treatment

A

direct-acting antivirals

23
Q

Milan criteria

A

1) tumor size - single </= 5cm, up to three </= 3cm
2) no extrahepatic spread
3) no vascular invasion

24
Q

Tenofovir dose (chronic hepatitis B)

A

300 mg daily

25
Q

Entecavir dose (chronic hepatitis B)

A

0.5 mg qday (treatment naive), 1 mg qday (lamivudine-resistant)

26
Q

Sofosbuvir dose (chronic hepatitis C)

A

400 mg qday

27
Q

Lactulose dose (hepatic encephalopathy)

A

15-30 g 3-4 times/day

28
Q

HAV transmission (3)

A

fecal-oral
contaminated food/water
person-to-person

29
Q

HBV transmission (3)

A

blood
sexual contact
mother-to-child

30
Q

HCV transmission (3)

A

blood
shared needles
contaminated blood products

31
Q

HDV transmission (3)

A

blood
sexual contact
mother-to-child

32
Q

HEV transmission (2)

A

fecal-oral
contaminated water

33
Q

Hepatitis D diagnosis (2)

A

anti-HDV antibodies
HBV DNA

34
Q

Hepatitis E diagnosis (2)

A

anti-HEV IgM
PCR for HEV DNA

35
Q

Type of hepatitis that requires HBV coinfection

A

hepatitis D

36
Q

Weight loss target w/ hepatic steatosis

A

5-10% of body weight

37
Q

HCV diagnosis (2, 1 is confirmatory)

A

anti-HCV antibodies and HCV RNA PCR to confirm

38
Q

Medication (and dose) indicated for NASH

A

pioglitazone 15-45 mg daily

39
Q

Drug class to treat hepatitis C

A

direct-acting antivirals

40
Q

MELD score where albumin is indicated in SBP

A

> 18

41
Q

SAAG >/= 1.1

A

portal HTN

42
Q

SAAG < 1.1

A

malignancy

43
Q

Ceruloplasmin for Wilson’s diagnosis

A

< 20

44
Q

Urine copper for Wilson’s diagnosis

A

> 100

45
Q

Wilson’s chelation therapy

A

penicillamine 250 mg QID

46
Q

Wilson’s maintenance therapy

A

zinc acetate 50 mg TID

47
Q

Wilson’s inheritance pattern

A

autosomal recessive

48
Q

Hereditary hemochromatosis inheritance pattern

A

autosomal recessive

49
Q

Who to screen if hereditary hemochromatosis diagnosis

A

first-degree relatives

50
Q

Who to screen if Wilson’s disease diagnosis

A

siblings

51
Q

Antibody associated w/ autoimmune hepatitis

A

anti-smooth muscle

52
Q

Anti-smooth muscle association

A

autoimmune hepatitis

53
Q

Hepatitis D treatment

A

interferon alfa

54
Q

Hepatitis C treatment

A

sofosbuvir 400 mg daily + ledipasvir 90 mg daily

Gastroenterology (15 decks)

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