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Microbiology & Immunology > Listeria packet > Flashcards

Listeria packet Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What does facultative intracellular mean?

A

capable of living and reproducing either inside or outside cells

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2
Q

Where does Listeria live?

A

Prefers GI and genital tracts.Plants and soil.

Cold growth- soft cheese, deli foods, cabbages. Epidemics may occur in unpasteurized dairy products.

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3
Q

What is Listeria’s motility ?

A

Tumbling (flagella driven)

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4
Q

How is Listeria transmitted?

A

Across the placenta or by contact during delivery

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5
Q

What is the treatment for Listeria?

A

Ampicillin or add gentamicin for IC (immunocompromised) pts.

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6
Q

Describe Listeria monocytogenes. (G+/- ?, motility? intracellular or extracellular? hot/cold environments?rods/cocci?

A

Nonspore-forming, tumbling, facultative intracellular parasite, cold growth, small gram positive rods

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7
Q

What is the Listeria monocytogenes toxin?

A

Listeriolysin O – Beta hemolysin

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8
Q

How does Listeriolysin O (LLO) work in Listeria?

A

Allows Listeria to leave actin jet trails from inside one cell to another.

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9
Q

What type of people are more susceptible to getting Listeria monocytogenes?

A

Immunologic immature pts (cancer), or pts with renal transplant

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10
Q

Is Listeria monocytogenes aerobic/anaerobic and catalase +/- ?

A

Aerobic, Catalase +

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11
Q

What are the preventions for Listeria monocytogenes?

A

Theres no vaccine or drug available. Pasteurize milk or restrict foods.

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12
Q

How does Listeria monocytogenes evade the immune system?

A

It evades phagocytes by escaping from phagosome to cytoplasm

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13
Q

What is peak season for Listeria monocytogenes?

A

-Summer because people eat a lot of cold foods

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14
Q

What are the symptoms of Lm?

A

In healthy adults and children, it can be asymptomatic with low percent carriage.
Pregnant women: asymptomatic carriage, septicemia (fever and chills)

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15
Q

What are the neonatal diseases associated with Lm?

A

Early onset- granulomatosis infantiseptica –high mortality

Late onset: 2-3 weeks after birth meningitis with septicemia

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16
Q

What Labs are done to diagnosis Corynebacterium diphtheriae?

A

1-Loeffler’s coagulated serum medium 2-Tellurite-containing medium
3-Elek test

17
Q

What do we look for in an Elek test?

A

To see if the growth of the patient’s (unknown) smear resembles either the known toxic diptheriae or the known nontoxic diptheriae smear

18
Q

What is does C. diptheria look like on a Tellurite medium?

A

gray-black colonies (also seen this way on throat)

19
Q

What does a positive Loeffler’s coagulated serum medium show?

A

Cells with metachromatic granules

20
Q

What shape is Corynebacterium diphtheriae?

A

Koryne is greek for “club” and bacterium means “little rod”

21
Q

what do Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Listeria have in common?

A

Both are gram +, aerobic, catalase +, nonspore forming rods

22
Q

what is the pathogenesis of Corynebacterium diphtheriae?

A

Exotoxin that inhibits protein synthesis in eukaryotes

23
Q

what is one difference btw Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Listeria?

A

Listeria has a tumbling motility whereas C. dip is nonmotile

24
Q

what can Corynebacterium diphtheriae cause?

A

Diptheria! (and has symptoms of sore throat, pseudomembrane in the pharynx, myocarditis and neural palsies

25
Q

why is Corynebacterium diphtheriae toxic?

A

Because it contains a toxin-producing strain of a Beta-prophage (virus living in bacteria that integrates the toxin-encoding genetic elements into the bacteria )

26
Q

How can we prevent ourselves from getting diphtheriae?

A

Get a toxoid vaccine or DPT (diptheria, pertussis, tetanus)

27
Q

What drugs do we give a patient with diphtheria?

A

mucocutaneous-imidazoles or nystatin,

disemination-amphotericin B or fluconazole

28
Q

What are therapeutic ways to treat diptheria?

A

Fluids, Oxygen, bed rest, airway monitoring, heart monitoring

29
Q

How is C. diptheria transmitted?

A

respiratory droplets that reside in human throat

30
Q

What are some characteristics of a patient with diptheria?

A

bull neck, pseudomembrane (a thick gray layer covering the tonsils)

Microbiology & Immunology (13 decks)

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