Anaerobic & aerobic, packet #2

Question 1

What organic material can an obligate aerobes ferment?

Answer 1

None, obligate aerobes have no fermentative pathways

Question 2

Which bacteria’s lack superoxide dismutase?

Answer 2

Obligate anaerobes

Question 3

what dominant or medically important bacteria will normally live and form a communal relationship in the body’s blood, soft tissue, CNS and respiratory tract?

Answer 3

None, these areas are sterile.

Question 4

what dominant or medically important bacteria will cover the skin, outer ear and urethra?

Answer 4

Staphylococcus epidermidis

Question 5

what dominant or medically important bacteria will cover the inner lining of the nose?

Answer 5

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 6

what dominant or medically important bacteria covers the oropharynx?

Answer 6

Viridans streptococci and streptococcus mutans

Question 7

what dominant or medically important bacteria cover the gingival crevices

Answer 7

Prevotella fusobacterium, streptococcus actinomyces

Question 8

Name all the bacteria that are found in a healthy stomach

Answer 8

None.

Question 9

what dominant or medically important bacteria in the colon of an adult?

Answer 9

Bifidobacterium, bacteroides (most abundant) escherichia

Question 10

what dominant or medically important bacteria is in colon of breast fed child?

Answer 10

bifidobacterium

Question 11

what bacteria is in breastmilk?

Answer 11

lactobacilius and streptococci

Question 12

what dominant or medically important bacteria is found in the vagina?

Answer 12

lactobacilius

Question 13

name the colonization factors that are responsible for infectivity on body surfaces?

Answer 13

Adherence to cell surfaces, adherence to plastic and inhibit immediate destruction by immune system, And hunting and gathering

Question 14

how do bacteria adhere to cell surfaces?

Answer 14

Pili/fimbriae, teichoic acid, adhesins, IgA proteases.

Question 15

How does bacteria adherence to plastics or otherwise slippery objects occur?

Answer 15

ph and chemical changes in surface tension of a liquid to allow adherence to a surface that would otherwise be too slippery.

Question 16

What are the ways that a bacteria could inhibit immediate destruction by the host’s immune system?

Answer 16

Bacteria can use Anti-phagocytic surfaces, which include capsules/slime layers, M proteins, A proteins, pili and IgA proteases.

Question 17

What can a bacteria do to a pt that causes anemia?

Answer 17

Siderophores can chelate iron in a host that the bac will use to import for cell growth.

Question 18

Which STD bacteria uses a pili anti phagocytic?

Answer 18

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Question 19

What is the ability Invasins, that bacteria use and describe it.

Answer 19

It is an ability to survive intracellularly, by the use of surface proteins that allow an organism to bind to and invade non-phagocytic human cells.

Question 20

What bacteria is best know for using Invasins? and what does it cause in a host?

Answer 20

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, causes diarrhea

Question 21

What is another ability that a bacteria could use to survive intracellularly?

Answer 21

Evade intracellular killing and grow intracellularly

Question 22

What are the two ways a bac could evade intracellular killing and grow intracellularly?

Answer 22

Survive by inhibiting the fusion of the phagosomes and lysosomes OR escaping the phagosomes before lysis of the phagolysosomal membrane

Question 23

what bac is known for surviving by inhibiting the fusion of the phagosomes and lysosomes?

Answer 23

M. tuberculosis

Question 24

What bac is known for escaping the phagosomes before lysis of the phagolysosomal membrane?

Answer 24

Listeria

Question 25

is streptococcus gram + or gram -

Answer 25

gram +

Question 26

does streptococcus appear in chains or clusters

Answer 26

chains or pairs of cocci

Question 27

is streptococcus catalase negative or positive

Answer 27

catalase negative

Question 28

what is the term used when streptococci completely lyse the rbcs leaving it clear

Answer 28

beta hemolytic

Question 29

what is the term used when streptococci only partially lyse the rbcs leaving it green

Answer 29

alpha hemolytic

Question 30

what is gamma hemolysis

Answer 30

non hemolytic

Question 31

streptococcus has which kind of hemolysis

Answer 31

variable

Question 32

what are 3 differences between strep vs staph

Answer 32

1) lechitin is in cell wall. if you have lechitinase you are destroying cell wall 2) catalyze - 3) grouped by c carbohydrates

Question 33

what is optocin

Answer 33

chemical used in cell culture techniques for the presumptive id of strep pneumoniae

Question 34

which is the only group sensitive to bacitracin

Answer 34

group a

Question 35

only species that is sensitive to optocin and lysed by bile

Answer 35

preumococcus

Question 36

only group that has a positive CAMP test

Answer 36

group b

Question 37

only group that hydrolyzes hippurate

Answer 37

group b

Question 38

what groups has growth on 6.5 | % salt

Answer 38

some group b and group b enterococci

Question 39

is streptococcus pyogenes group a, b, d

Answer 39

group a

Question 40

give some characteristics of strep pyogenes

Answer 40

gram + cocci in chains, catalase -, beta hemolytic, bacitracin sensitive

Question 41

where does strep pyogenes live

Answer 41

human throat and skin

Question 42

how is strep pyogenes transmitted

Answer 42

respiratory droplets, direct contact

Question 43

what is the major virulence factor for group a strep

Answer 43

M protein

Question 44

is strep pyogenes antiphagocytic or phagocytic

Answer 44

antiphagocytic

Question 45

strep pyogenes - what is the capsule made up

Answer 45

hyaluronic

Question 46

What bacterias are endotoxin enhancers?

Answer 46

Staphylococcus aureus & Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 47

Which bacterias are protein inhibitors?

Answer 47

Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa & Shigella dysenteriae

Question 48

list some characteristics of streptolysin o

Answer 48

antigenic, oxygen labile, subsurface blood agar hemolysis or hemolysis in anaerobic conditions

Question 49

list some characteristics of streptolysin s

Answer 49

not antigenic, oxygen stable, responsible for beta hemolysis

Question 50

1 characteristic of streptokinase

Answer 50

fibrinolysis

Question 51

1 characteristic of streptodornase

Answer 51

DNase

Question 52

How do Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa & Shigella dysenteriae play a role in human disease?

Answer 52

Their exotoxin inhibits eukaryotic cell protein synthesis

Question 53

name 6 toxins associated with strep pyogenes

Answer 53

streptoysin o, streptolysin s, streptokinase, streptodornase, hyaluronidase, exotoxins

Question 54

name some characteristics of streptoysin o

Answer 54

antigenic, oxygen labile, subsurface blood agar hemolysis or hemolysis in anaerobic conditions

Question 55

name 2 non pus disease caused by strep pyogenes

Answer 55

rheumatic fever, acute glomeruonephritis

Question 56

what lab test is done for strep throat

Answer 56

rapid antigen test

Question 57

name some characteristics of streptodornase

Answer 57

DNase

Question 58

How do Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa & Shigella dysenteriae pplay a role in human disease?

Answer 58

Their exotoxin inhibits eukaryotic cell protein synthesis

Question 59

what does a hyauronidase do

Answer 59

has capacity to dissolve its own capsule

Question 60

list some characteristics of exotoxins

Answer 60

SPEA, phage coded, cause fever and may produce rash of scarlet fever, inhibit liver clearance of endotoxin from normal flora creating shock like conditions, superantigens

Question 61

name 2 acute disease caused by strep pyogenes

Answer 61

pharyngitis, scarlet fever, pyoderma/;impetigo

Question 62

name 2 non pus disease caused by strep pyogenes

Answer 62

rheumatic fever, acute gomeruonephritis

Question 63

what lab test is done for strep throat

Answer 63

rapid antigen test

Question 64

what is the Laboratory diagnosis for strep pyogenes

Answer 64

Streptococci are readily cultured from blood agar plates where a or B haemolysis may be seen. The antistreptolysin test measures Abs against streptolysin O.

Question 65

what is the Treatment for strep pyogenes

Answer 65

Penicillin G or V is the drug of choice in the treatment of S. pyogenes infection. Where a history of hypersensitivity to penicillin exits, erythrocmycin may be used instead. Prophylactic penicillin is often given to patients with rheumatic fever in order to prevent a recurrence.

Question 66

What bacteria causes Rheumatic fever?

Answer 66

S. pyogenes

Question 67

what bacteria causes toxic shock syndrome?

Answer 67

Staph aureus

Question 68

Coagulase is normally found in which bug?

Answer 68

Staph aureus

Question 69

This bacteria is normally found in nasal and on skin flora

Answer 69

Staph aureus

Question 70

This bacteria has Protein A on its surfaces, which inhibits phagocytosis

Answer 70

Staph aureus

Question 71

This bacteria's exotoxins are heat stable for 1 to 6 hours.

Answer 71

Staph aureus

Question 72

This bacteria's exotoxins causes exfoliatins

Answer 72

Staph aureus

Question 73

This bacteria's exotoxins cause cytolysins

Answer 73

Staph aureus

Question 74

Which staphylococcus bacteria are coagulase negative?

Answer 74

Staph epidermidis and staph saprophyticus

Question 75

This staphylococcus causes complete hemolysis of RBC's

Answer 75

Staph aureus

Question 76

Which bacteria causes acute endocarditis and suppurative lesions?

Answer 76

Staph aureus

Question 77

this staphylococcus is resistant to novobiocin?

Answer 77

Staph saprophyticus

Question 78

this staphylococcus is susceptible to novobiocin?

Answer 78

staph epidermidis

Question 79

Which staphylococcus bacteria is the #2 cause of all UTI in young woman?

Answer 79

Staph saprophyticus

Question 80

This staph bacteria, that has no known hemolysis ability, causes endocarditis in IV drug users?

Answer 80

Staph epidermidis

Question 81

This bacteria causes catheter and prosthetic device infections?

Answer 81

Staph epidermidis

Question 82

This staph bacteria has the ability to create a plastic adherence

Answer 82

Staph epidermidis

Question 83

What is the #1 bacterial cause of all UTI's in young women?

Answer 83

E. coli

Question 84

This ability of a bacteria allows it to form granulomas?

Answer 84

Catalase

Question 85

This bacteria can be transmitted via hands and sneezing, associated with food poisoning via ham, potato and custard pastries. Also associated with surgical wounds.

Answer 85

Staph aureus

Question 86

Staph aureus has endotoxins which cause numerous issues

Answer 86

Incorrect. That S. aureus only has exotoxins and enterotoxins due to being gram positive.

Question 87

What exotoxin causes toxic shock syndrome?

Answer 87

TSST - 1

Question 88

How does TSST - 1 cause toxic shock?

Answer 88

It inhibits liver clearance of the endotoxin, which increases the bodies sensitivity to endogenous endotoxin