Anaerobic & aerobic, packet #2 Flashcards
What organic material can an obligate aerobes ferment?
None, obligate aerobes have no fermentative pathways
Which bacteria’s lack superoxide dismutase?
Obligate anaerobes
what dominant or medically important bacteria will normally live and form a communal relationship in the body’s blood, soft tissue, CNS and respiratory tract?
None, these areas are sterile.
what dominant or medically important bacteria will cover the skin, outer ear and urethra?
Staphylococcus epidermidis
what dominant or medically important bacteria will cover the inner lining of the nose?
Staphylococcus aureus
what dominant or medically important bacteria covers the oropharynx?
Viridans streptococci and streptococcus mutans
what dominant or medically important bacteria cover the gingival crevices
Prevotella fusobacterium, streptococcus actinomyces
Name all the bacteria that are found in a healthy stomach
None.
what dominant or medically important bacteria in the colon of an adult?
Bifidobacterium, bacteroides (most abundant) escherichia
what dominant or medically important bacteria is in colon of breast fed child?
bifidobacterium
what bacteria is in breastmilk?
lactobacilius and streptococci
what dominant or medically important bacteria is found in the vagina?
lactobacilius
name the colonization factors that are responsible for infectivity on body surfaces?
Adherence to cell surfaces, adherence to plastic and inhibit immediate destruction by immune system, And hunting and gathering
how do bacteria adhere to cell surfaces?
Pili/fimbriae, teichoic acid, adhesins, IgA proteases.
How does bacteria adherence to plastics or otherwise slippery objects occur?
ph and chemical changes in surface tension of a liquid to allow adherence to a surface that would otherwise be too slippery.
What are the ways that a bacteria could inhibit immediate destruction by the host’s immune system?
Bacteria can use Anti-phagocytic surfaces, which include capsules/slime layers, M proteins, A proteins, pili and IgA proteases.
What can a bacteria do to a pt that causes anemia?
Siderophores can chelate iron in a host that the bac will use to import for cell growth.
Which STD bacteria uses a pili anti phagocytic?
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
What is the ability Invasins, that bacteria use and describe it.
It is an ability to survive intracellularly, by the use of surface proteins that allow an organism to bind to and invade non-phagocytic human cells.
What bacteria is best know for using Invasins? and what does it cause in a host?
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, causes diarrhea
What is another ability that a bacteria could use to survive intracellularly?
Evade intracellular killing and grow intracellularly
What are the two ways a bac could evade intracellular killing and grow intracellularly?
Survive by inhibiting the fusion of the phagosomes and lysosomes OR escaping the phagosomes before lysis of the phagolysosomal membrane
what bac is known for surviving by inhibiting the fusion of the phagosomes and lysosomes?
M. tuberculosis
What bac is known for escaping the phagosomes before lysis of the phagolysosomal membrane?
Listeria
is streptococcus gram + or gram -
gram +
does streptococcus appear in chains or clusters
chains or pairs of cocci
is streptococcus catalase negative or positive
catalase negative
what is the term used when streptococci completely lyse the rbcs leaving it clear
beta hemolytic
what is the term used when streptococci only partially lyse the rbcs leaving it green
alpha hemolytic
what is gamma hemolysis
non hemolytic
streptococcus has which kind of hemolysis
variable
what are 3 differences between strep vs staph
1) lechitin is in cell wall. if you have lechitinase you are destroying cell wall
2) catalyze -
3) grouped by c carbohydrates
what is optocin
chemical used in cell culture techniques for the presumptive id of strep pneumoniae
which is the only group sensitive to bacitracin
group a
only species that is sensitive to optocin and lysed by bile
preumococcus
only group that has a positive CAMP test
group b
only group that hydrolyzes hippurate
group b
what groups has growth on 6.5
% salt
some group b and group b enterococci
is streptococcus pyogenes group a, b, d
group a
give some characteristics of strep pyogenes
gram + cocci in chains, catalase -, beta hemolytic, bacitracin sensitive
where does strep pyogenes live
human throat and skin
how is strep pyogenes transmitted
respiratory droplets, direct contact
what is the major virulence factor for group a strep
M protein
is strep pyogenes antiphagocytic or phagocytic
antiphagocytic
strep pyogenes - what is the capsule made up
hyaluronic
What bacterias are endotoxin enhancers?
Staphylococcus aureus & Streptococcus pyogenes
Which bacterias are protein inhibitors?
Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa & Shigella dysenteriae
list some characteristics of streptolysin o
antigenic, oxygen labile, subsurface blood agar hemolysis or hemolysis in anaerobic conditions
list some characteristics of streptolysin s
not antigenic, oxygen stable, responsible for beta hemolysis
1 characteristic of streptokinase
fibrinolysis
1 characteristic of streptodornase
DNase
How do Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa & Shigella dysenteriae play a role in human disease?
Their exotoxin inhibits eukaryotic cell protein synthesis
name 6 toxins associated with strep pyogenes
streptoysin o, streptolysin s, streptokinase, streptodornase, hyaluronidase, exotoxins
name some characteristics of streptoysin o
antigenic, oxygen labile, subsurface blood agar hemolysis or hemolysis in anaerobic conditions
name 2 non pus disease caused by strep pyogenes
rheumatic fever, acute glomeruonephritis
what lab test is done for strep throat
rapid antigen test
name some characteristics of streptodornase
DNase
How do Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa & Shigella dysenteriae pplay a role in human disease?
Their exotoxin inhibits eukaryotic cell protein synthesis
what does a hyauronidase do
has capacity to dissolve its own capsule
list some characteristics of exotoxins
SPEA, phage coded, cause fever and may produce rash of scarlet fever, inhibit liver clearance of endotoxin from normal flora creating shock like conditions, superantigens
name 2 acute disease caused by strep pyogenes
pharyngitis, scarlet fever, pyoderma/;impetigo
name 2 non pus disease caused by strep pyogenes
rheumatic fever, acute gomeruonephritis
what lab test is done for strep throat
rapid antigen test
what is the Laboratory diagnosis for strep pyogenes
Streptococci are readily cultured from blood agar plates where a or B haemolysis may be seen. The antistreptolysin test measures Abs against streptolysin O.
what is the Treatment for strep pyogenes
Penicillin G or V is the drug of choice in the treatment of S. pyogenes infection. Where a history of hypersensitivity to penicillin exits, erythrocmycin may be used instead. Prophylactic penicillin is often given to patients with rheumatic fever in order to prevent a recurrence.
What bacteria causes Rheumatic fever?
S. pyogenes
what bacteria causes toxic shock syndrome?
Staph aureus
Coagulase is normally found in which bug?
Staph aureus
This bacteria is normally found in nasal and on skin flora
Staph aureus
This bacteria has Protein A on its surfaces, which inhibits phagocytosis
Staph aureus
This bacteria’s exotoxins are heat stable for 1 to 6 hours.
Staph aureus
This bacteria’s exotoxins causes exfoliatins
Staph aureus
This bacteria’s exotoxins cause cytolysins
Staph aureus
Which staphylococcus bacteria are coagulase negative?
Staph epidermidis and staph saprophyticus
This staphylococcus causes complete hemolysis of RBC’s
Staph aureus
Which bacteria causes acute endocarditis and suppurative lesions?
Staph aureus
this staphylococcus is resistant to novobiocin?
Staph saprophyticus
this staphylococcus is susceptible to novobiocin?
staph epidermidis
Which staphylococcus bacteria is the #2 cause of all UTI in young woman?
Staph saprophyticus
This staph bacteria, that has no known hemolysis ability, causes endocarditis in IV drug users?
Staph epidermidis
This bacteria causes catheter and prosthetic device infections?
Staph epidermidis
This staph bacteria has the ability to create a plastic adherence
Staph epidermidis
What is the #1 bacterial cause of all UTI’s in young women?
E. coli
This ability of a bacteria allows it to form granulomas?
Catalase
This bacteria can be transmitted via hands and sneezing, associated with food poisoning via ham, potato and custard pastries. Also associated with surgical wounds.
Staph aureus
Staph aureus has endotoxins which cause numerous issues
Incorrect. That S. aureus only has exotoxins and enterotoxins due to being gram positive.
What exotoxin causes toxic shock syndrome?
TSST - 1
How does TSST - 1 cause toxic shock?
It inhibits liver clearance of the endotoxin, which increases the bodies sensitivity to endogenous endotoxin
