Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANS 319 > Lipids: Monogastric Function, Digestion And Absorption > Flashcards

Lipids: Monogastric Function, Digestion And Absorption Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four functions of lipids?

A

Energy source, cell membrane component, precursor for hormones, essential fatty acid source

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many k/cals in lipids compared to carbs?

A

9 k/cals in lipids vs. 4 k/cals in carbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why are lipids better for energy?

A

Because they have more hydrogen bound per carbon unit i.e. they’re more reduced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Saturated fatty acids means what?

A

They have the maximum amount of hydrogens bound per C unit and no double bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Unsaturated fatty acids means what?

A

They have double bonds in their structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The chain length increases the melting point what?

A

Increases as well

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Saturated fatty acids are in which state at room temperature?

A

Solid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Unsaturated fatty acids are in which state at room temperature?

A

Liquid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Do double bonds increase or decrease the melting point?

A

Decrease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In omega nomenclature, you start numbering from which end of the chain?

A

From the methyl end

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In Delta nomenclature, you number from which end?

A

From the carboxyl end

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

In which nomenclature system do you number all double bonds?

A

In the Delta system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In terms of stability, unsaturated fatty acids undergo what?

A

Spoils because of oxidation?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is hydrogenation?

A

The addition of H atoms to double bonds in order to saturate them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the two essential fatty acids that the body can’t make enough of and they are unsaturated?

A

Linolenic and linoleic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Linolenic acid is an omega what?

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Linoleic acid is an omega what?

A

6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the third essential fatty acid that is sometimes considered as such?

A

Arachidonic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is esterification?

A

When the carboxyl group of the fatty acid binds to glycerol through an ester bond

20
Q

What are the four types of lipids?

A

Triglycerides, glycolipids, galactolipids, and phospholipids

21
Q

Triglycerides are what?

A

The main lipid storage form in animal tissue, glycerol attached to three fatty acids

22
Q

Glycolipids are what?

A

Glycerol with two fatty acids and one sugar attached, a plasma membrane component

23
Q

Galactolipids are what?

A

Glycerol with two fatty acids and two galactose attached, reach in linolenic acid and found in forages

24
Q

Phospholipids are what?

A

A component of cell membrane structure and aid and transport and intracellular signaling

25
Q

What is specific to the lipid bilayer of phospholipids in animals?

A

Cholesterol

26
Q

Sterols are a type of lipid that has what type of structure?

A

Multi-ring

27
Q

Lipids are not soluble in?

A

Water

28
Q

Triglycerides are too big to be absorbed so they mix with what to be emulsified?

A

Bile

29
Q

In the mouth, what starts lipid digestion?

A

Lingual lipase

30
Q

In the stomach, what does lipid digestion?

A

Gastric lipase

31
Q

How are lipids emulsified in the stomach?

A

By churning

32
Q

In the small intestine, what acts on triglycerides to be broken into monoglyceride and fatty acids?

A

Pancreatic lipase

33
Q

The small intestine mixes bile salts to convert emulsions into what?

A

Micelles

34
Q

What is the molecule that Anchors pancreatic lipase to the triglyceride?

A

Pancreatic colipase

35
Q

Pancreatic colipase is activated by what molecule?

A

Trypsin

36
Q

What is the inactive form of pancreatic Colipase called?

A

Procolipase

37
Q

Where is bile made and stored?

A

Made in the liver, stored in the gallbladder except for horses

38
Q

What is the function of bile?

A

Fat emulsification

39
Q

What are two secretions essential for digestion of triglycerides?

A

Bile salts and pancreatic lipase

40
Q

What is the molecule that is absorbed into enterocytes?

A

Fatty acids and monoglycerols

41
Q

Molecule that releases those fatty acids and monoglycerides is called what?

A

Micelle

42
Q

How does the enterocyte bring back together that too fatty acids and one of glycerol inside?

A

By making a molecule with triglycerides proteins and cholesterol called a chylomicron

43
Q

Where do chylomicrons transports lipids to?

A

Liver

44
Q

What molecule stabilizes lipids for transport?

A

Apolipoproteins

45
Q

How are chylomicrons distributed evenly throughout the whole body?

A

they entered the aortic arch then enter arterial circulation

ANS 319 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions