Lipids (biological molecules) Flashcards

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1
Q

What 3 elements make up a lipid

A

Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

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2
Q

Difference betweenn element ratios between carbs and lipids

A

Lipids have a higher proprortion of hydrgoen

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3
Q

Properties of lipids

A

They are insoluble

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4
Q

What 2 groups are a triglyceride made from

A

Fatty acids and glycerol (alcohol)

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5
Q

Why are triglycerides insoluble in water

A

No atoms carry a charge so none are attracted to water- they are hydrophobic

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6
Q

Where in the body does ester bonds be broken and which enzymes catlyse this reaaction

A

Small intestine

Lipase hydrolyses fats into fatty acids and glycerol

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7
Q

What is and what are the properties of saturated fats

A

It has a single bond`
High Bp
Solid at room temperature
No more H bonds can be added to it

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8
Q

What is an unsaturated fat

A

It has double bonds
it’s a liquid at room temperature
Double bond causes a kink- molecules are further a part- low BP
More H2 can be added

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9
Q

Properties of triglyceride

A
  1. Two types (sat. fats) and (unsaturated oils)
  2. Non polar, hydrophobic, insoluble
  3. Energy store- animals as fats, plants as oils
  4. metabollic store- desert animals
    - 5.Insulator- adipose tissue, bad conductor of heat
  5. shock absorber protects delicate organs (kidneys)
  6. less dense than water- floats
  7. stores fat soluble vitamins
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10
Q

What is a phosphlipids describes as and why

A

amphipathic, is hydrophobic and hydrophyllic

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11
Q

why are triglycerides no polymers

A

They have a definite start and end point, and polymers don’t

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