Carbohydrates

Question 1

What is a monosaccharide

Answer 1

A single sugar unit

Question 2

Difference between alpha and beta glucose

Answer 2

They are structural isomers Alpha- H at the top of C1

Question 3

What determines the structure of the molecule and its function

Answer 3

Detailed position of atoms

Question 4

Disaccharide

Answer 4

Complex carbohydrate formed in a condensation reaction with twomonosaccharide joined by a glycosidic bond

Question 5

What is maltose

Answer 5

Two alpha glucoses joined together

Question 6

Two pentose sugars

Answer 6

Ribose and Deoxyribose

Question 7

Three Hexose sugards

Answer 7

Glactose, Glucose and fructose

Question 8

What is a polysaccharide

Answer 8

Complex carbohydrate

Many linked glycosidic bonds in different ways

Question 9

Monosaccharide, glycosidic bond and shape of amylopectin

Answer 9

Alpha 1-4, 1-6 glycosidic bond

coiled slightly branched

Question 10

Monosaccharide, glycosidic bond and shape of cellulose

Answer 10

Beta 1-4 glycosidic bond

straight chain

Question 11

Monosaccharide, glycosidic bond and shape of glycogen

Answer 11

Alpha 1-4, 1-6, glycosidic bond

Branched slightly coiled

Question 12

Monosaccharide, glycosidic bond and shape of amylose

Answer 12

Alpha 1-4 glycosidic

coiled to form a helical shape

Question 13

Hydrogen bonding in amylosse, amylopectin, glycogen, cellulose

Answer 13

Amylose- between sugar units in the same chain
Cellulose- between sugar units in different chains
Glycogen- some H bonds in the chain

Question 14

Function of amylose, amylopectin, glycogen, cellulose

Answer 14

Amylose- helix makes a compact shape- store lots of starch

Amylopectin- stores starch

cellulose- high tensile strength from crosslinks, used to make cell walls

glycogen- energy store in animals, glycogen phosperase breaks down into glucose stimulated by insulin