Lipids

Question 1

What is defined as a group of organic substances that are in soluble in water but are soluble in organic solvent such as alcohol and ether

Answer 1

Lipids

Question 2

Describe the exogenous is an Endogenous sources for lipids

Answer 2

Exogenous- dietary, animal fats and plant fats

Endogenous- synthesis in liver carbohydrates & protein

Question 3

What are the three major serum lipids

Answer 3

Cholesterol triglycerides and lipoproteins

Question 4

What is the principal steroid higher in animals

Answer 4

Cholesterol

Question 5

What are the functions of cholesterol

Answer 5

Component of cellular membranes precursor of bile acids and precursor of all steroid hormones

Question 6

What types of taste you can synthesize cholesterol

Answer 6

Animal tissue

Question 7

What percentage of cholesterol is synthesized in the body

Answer 7

50%

Question 8

Cholesterol is a contributing factor to what health condition

Answer 8

Coronary heart disease

Question 9

What is the term for a slow progressive disease in which a buildup of cholesterol plaque narrows the blood vessels restricting bloodflow and giving rise to clot formation

Answer 9

Atherosclerosis

Question 10

What cholesterol source is more likely to be deposited in the vascular system

Answer 10

EXogenous cholesterol

Question 11

What variables affect cholesterol normal ranges

Answer 11

Age diet and gender

Question 12

True or false cholesterol increases with age

Answer 12

True

Question 13

True or false females usually have higher cholesterol than males

Answer 13

False

Question 14

What has the most important influence on a persons cholesterol levels

Answer 14

Genetics

Question 15

What is the normal cholesterol value for children

Answer 15

<200 mg/dL

Question 16

What is the normal cholesterol value for adults under age 30?

Answer 16

<220mg/dL

Question 17

What is the normal cholesterol guys are adults age 30 to 60

Answer 17

<250mg/dL

Question 18

What is the normal cholesterol for adults over 60?

Answer 18

250-300 mg/dL

Question 19

What effect does hemolysis have on cholesterol results?

Answer 19

Falsely increases results

Question 20

What affects does lipemia have on cholesterol results

Answer 20

Falsely increases results

Question 21

What is a major form of fat found in nature?

Answer 21

Triglycerides

Question 22

What lipids primary function is to provide energy to cells

Answer 22

Triglycerides

Question 23

What lipid provides padding and support for organs and insulation against cold

Answer 23

Triglycerides

Question 24

What highly efficient lipid provides 2.5 times more energy available when compared to protein and carbohydrates

Answer 24

Triglycerides

Question 25

What is the function of Lipo proteins

Answer 25

Carry lipid to body tissues

Question 26

What are the four major classes of Lipo proteins

Answer 26

Chylomicrons VLDL, LDL, HDL

Question 27

What lipoprotein major function is transportation of triglycerides

Answer 27

Chylomicrons

Question 28

What lipoprotein is 85% triglyceride 13% other lipids and 2% protein

Answer 28

Chylomicrons

Question 29

What lipoprotein is increased after meal ingestion causing the plasma to appear milky or cloudy

Answer 29

Chylomicrons

Question 30

What lipoprotein is also called prebatelipoprotein

Answer 30

VLDL

Question 31

What level protein is 90% lipid 10% protein

Answer 31

VLDL

Question 32

What lipoprotein is called beta lipoprotein

Answer 32

LDL

Question 33

What lipo protein is 75% lipid and 25% protein

Answer 33

LDL

Question 34

What lipoprotein transports cholesterol to the tissues

Answer 34

LDL

Question 35

What lipoprotein has a documentary correlation with coronary atherosclerosis

Answer 35

LDL

Question 36

What liipoprotein is called alpha lipoprotein

Answer 36

HDL

Question 37

What lipoprotein is about 50% lipid and 50% protein

Answer 37

HDL

Question 38

What Lipo proteins transport cholesterol from the tissues to the liver for metabolism

Answer 38

HDL

Question 39

What Lipo proteins viewed as the good cholesterol

Answer 39

HDL

Question 40

Muscle or adipose tissue reduce the triglycerides to what substances for use as energy or storage of fat

Answer 40

Glycerol & fatty acids

Question 41

Describe the lipoprotein level of a patient with a high risk for coronary atherosclerosis

Answer 41

Low levels of HDL and high levels of LDL

Question 42

Describe a lipo protein levels of a patient with a low rates for coronary atherosclerosis

Answer 42

High levels of HDL low levels of LDL

Question 43

What is the calculation for cholesterol ratio

Answer 43

Cholesterol/ HDL= HDL ratio

Question 44

What is the calculation for LDL

Answer 44

LDL= tomato cholesterol-(HDL+ Trigs/5)

Question 45

What cholesterol to HDL ratio indicates a high risk for coronary heart disease

Answer 45

5:1

Question 46

True or false hyper hypo lipidemia can be due to inherited traits

Answer 46

True

Question 47

True or false hyper/hypo lipidemia can you secondary to diabetes mellitus nephrosis biliary obstruction in metabolic disorders associated with endocrine disturbances

Answer 47

True

Question 48

What lipid fraction has been shown to have a better correlation with risk atherosclerosis

Answer 48

LDL

Question 49

Estimates cannot be used if triglyceride levels are over what value

Answer 49

400mg/dL

Question 50

What can be found normally in Serum prior to the breakdown of triglycerides and can falsely increase the measured value of triglycerides

Answer 50

Glycerol

Question 51

Endogenous glycerol represents the equivalent of less than________ in normal individuals and is not usually considered clinically significant

Answer 51

10

Question 52

What method for the determination of triglyceride levels measure glycerol concentration following hydrolysis

Answer 52

Enzymatic Method

Question 53

What is the most frequently use isolation technique for HDL

Answer 53

Polyanion solution with precipitation

Question 54

Name at least three solutions that precipitate all major lipoprotein fractions except HDL

Answer 54

``` Dextran sulfate magnesium chloride Heparin magnesium chloride Sodium Phosphotungstate Polyethylene glycol ```