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Chemistry > Enzymes > Flashcards

Enzymes Flashcards

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1
Q

Catalyst

A

A substance that enhances chemical reactions but is not altered by the reaction

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2
Q

Substances that are structurally similar to the substrate and will compete with the substrate for the enzye

A

Competitive inhibitor’s

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3
Q

Proteins that act as catalyst to accelerate chemical reactions within cells

A

Enzyme

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4
Q

A substance that An enzyme acts upon

A

Substrate

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5
Q

Substances that will interfere with the activity of the enzyme

A

Inhibitors

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6
Q

Enzymes that can perform catalytic activity without assistance from another substrate

A

Simple enzymes

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7
Q

Enzyme poisons or in activator such as heavy metals or halogen

A

Non-competitive inhibitor’s

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8
Q

Enzymes that require the presence Of a non-protein component to function

A

Conjugated enzymes

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9
Q

Non-protein components that conjugate with enzymes to carry out its function usually a metal

A

Cofactor

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10
Q

True or false all enzymes are found inside sales

A

True

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11
Q

True or false all enzymes are proteins and are affected by the same things that affect any other proteins

A

True

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12
Q

True or false each enzyme has multiple substrate it up acts upon

A

False Bitch

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13
Q

Transfer of electrons from one molecule to another

A

Oxidoreductases

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14
Q

Transfer is functional groups from one molecule to another

A

Transferases

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15
Q

Hydrolyzes a chemical bond

A

Hydrolases & lysases

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16
Q

Catalyzes the structural formation of isomers

A

Isomerases

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17
Q

Join together sugar phosphate backbone of DNA fragments

A

Ligases

18
Q

List of five variables that can affect enzymatic reaction

A

Timing temperature PH inhibitors and concentration of reaction

19
Q

An increase of _____ C what affect the enzyme reaction rate

A

10 degrees

20
Q

True or false enzymes are measured in usual concentration units

A

False

21
Q

Increase in______ Enzyme levels indicate cellular death and leakage of the enzyme from the sale

A

LDH

22
Q

What LBH fraction is increased in myocardial infarction and in some hemolytic anemia

A

LDH 1 & LDH2

23
Q

What do enzymes are considered to be the major cardiac enzymes

A

LDH &CK

24
Q

What enzyme is a cellular enzyme with a physiological role associated with the adenosine triphosphate generation for contractile or transport systems and is responsible for the production creatine phosphate?

A

Creatine Kinase

25
Q

What CKI so enzyme is present in heart muscles and in the diaphragm and esophagus

A

CKMB

26
Q

What enzyme functions to break down complex carbohydrate molecules such as starches by splitting the chemical bonds in the molecular chain

A

Analyses

27
Q

Functions to remove the ternal phosphate group from inorganic phosphate Ester and an alkaline solution is found in lower concentrations in liver and placental tissue

A

ALP

28
Q

Belongs to a group of eight times known as Aminotransferase and found I am practically every tissue in the body it is in particularly high concentration in liver and cardiac tissues intermediate in skeletal muscle and the kidney and low in most other tissues

A

AST

29
Q

Catalyzes the transfer of an amino group between L alamine and L glutamate High concentrations occur in the liver in relatively low concentrations are found in the heart muscle and kidney

A

ALT

30
Q

Glutathione is the common substrate of this enzyme in the body present in high concentrations and liver kidney pancreas and prostate

A

GGT

31
Q

Assay in which once the substrate and enzyme are mixed they are allowed to react for a set period of time the reaction is stopped and one absorbance reading is taken

A

Fixed time assay

32
Q

Mid portion of reaction we are the most accurate measurements are taken

A

Linear phase

33
Q

Final stage of enzymatic reaction where the enzyme have utilize all of the substrate unsuitable for taking measurements

A

Substrate depletion\exhaustion

34
Q

Assays begin with a known amount of substrate and measure the amount of substrate that remains after a given period of time

A

Substrate used up assay

35
Q

Assay in which the progress or rate of the reaction is measured over a period of time multiple absorbance readings are taken at preset timed intervals

A

Kinetic assay

36
Q

Assays are designed to allow enzymes in the patient specimen to react with a set amount of substrate and quantitate the amount of product formed

A

Product formed assay

37
Q

The initial period of a reaction where the substrate buffer and cofactors factors are mixed kinetic equilibrium is established

A

Lag phase

38
Q

Monosaccharides or dissect liberated by amylases reaction with the substrate are measured. Byproducts of amylase action are reducing the substances the enzyme action is directly proportional to the amount of reducing substance produced

A

Saccharogenic method

39
Q

A dye is coupled to a complex and soluble polysaccharide. The sample is incubated and after a fixed time the color liberated from the dye is split from the original complex and the amount measured the enzyme accent is directly proportional to the amount of color produced

A

Chromolytic Method

40
Q

A different approach to a chromolytic technique depends on the release of a small water soluble fragment in such a way that the color can be measured continuously reaction is monitored by measurement of liberated chromogen

A

Continuous monitoring

41
Q

Amos is allowed to act on it starch substrate to which iodine has been attached. Hydrolysis of the starch molecule occurs and iodine is released resulting in a decrease of the initial dark blue color intensity. The greater the Amaylase effectivity the lighter the color of the final solution

A

Amyloclastic method

Chemistry (8 decks)

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