Lipids Flashcards
what are triglycerides?
the combination of one glycerol and 3 fatty acids
how do triglycerides form?
the hydroxyl groups interact forming 3 water molecules and ester bonds between glycerol and fatty acids
what bonds are formed between glycerol and fatty acids?
ester bonds
what does saturated mean?
there are only single bonds between the carbon atoms
what does unsaturated mean?
there are double bonds between the carbon atoms creating kinks (bends)
why are some lipids liquid at room temperature?
because the double bonds cause kinks so they can’t pack close together
what reaction forms ester bonds in the joining of glycerol and fatty acids?
esterification
what are sterols?
a 4 carbon ring structure with a hydroxyl, such as cholesterol
what test identifies lipids?
emulsion test
what are phospholipids?
they are a phosphate with 2 fatty acids, they have hydrophobic tails (non-polar) and hydrophilic heads (polar)
name 4 roles of lipids
membrane formation, hormone production, thermal insulation, waterproofing
when ester bonds are formed in triglycerides, how many water molecules are formed?
3
