Carbohydrates

Question 1

what is glucose?

Answer 1

a hexose monossacharide that is polar and soluble.

Question 2

where are the hydroxyls on alpha glucose?

Answer 2

both on the bottom of the atom

Question 3

where are the hydroxyls on beta glucose?

Answer 3

one on the bottom one on the top

Question 4

what bonds form between 2 glucose molecules?

Answer 4

glycosidic bonds

Question 5

what type of reaction creates glycosidic bonds?

Answer 5

condensation reaction

Question 6

fructose and glucose make…

Answer 6

sucrose

Question 7

what makes lactose?

Answer 7

galactose and glucose

Question 8

what do 2 alpha glucose make?

Answer 8

maltose

Question 9

what bond is formed between 2 alpha glucose molecules?

Answer 9

1,4 glycosidic bond

Question 10

what is the polysaccharide of glucose called?

Answer 10

starch

Question 11

what are the 2 components of starch?

Answer 11

amylose, amylopectin

Question 12

what is amylose?

Answer 12

glucose molecules with 1,4 glycosidic bonds that form a helix

Question 13

properties of amylose

Answer 13

it is compact and less soluble

Question 14

what is amylopectin?

Answer 14

glucose molecules with 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic bonds that make it branched

Question 15

properties of amylopectin

Answer 15

has a branched structure making it compact and uses less room for storage

Question 16

what is cellulose made from

Answer 16

beta glucose

Question 17

what is the structure of cellulose?

Answer 17

alternating beta glucose molecules with 1,4 glycosidic bonds. it makes hydrogen bonds with each other forming microfibrils which then join to form microfibrils

Question 18

properties of cellulose

Answer 18

strong, insoluble and are used to make cell walls in plants