Lipids

Question 1

Define the term “Essential”

Answer 1

The human body requires it, but cannot produce it. Therefore must be obtained through diet

Question 2

What are the 2 “Essential” Fatty Acids for the human body

Answer 2

1. Linoleic
2. (alpha) linoleic acid

In the absence of Linoleic acid, arachidonic acid now becomes essential

Question 3

What is cholesterol and where is it located?

Answer 3

Cholesterol is a sterol, it is a major cell membrane component that makes the membrane more RIGID and also makes is less permeable. It is important not to have too much or too little cholesterol in the membrane.

Also, necessary for Endocytosis

Question 4

How are lipids involved in inflammation?

Answer 4

Injury drives the release of inflammatory lipids

• Prostaglandins
• Thromboxanes
• Leukotrienes

Question 5

What defines a fatty acid vs. a lipid?

Answer 5

Fatty acid: Carboxylic acid w/ long Hydrocarbon chain

Lipid: One or more fatty acid connected to a LINKER molocule (glycerol, sphingoside)

Linker molocules determine function of lipid.

Question 6

What is saturation, and why is it important?

Answer 6

The presence of no double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain, allows for lipids to pack condensely and increases melting point

Question 7

What is a storage lipid? And where is it found in the body?

Answer 7

Triglyceride, NON-POLAR, not found in membrane

Question 8

Name 3 major membrane lipids

Answer 8

1. Sphingolipid
2. Glycolipid
3. Phsopholipid