Connective Tissue & Epithelium

Question 1

Name 3 primary functions of Epithelial Tissue

Answer 1

1. coverin, lining and protecting surfaces
2. absorption
3. Secretion

Question 2

What are the 3 zones of the Basement membrane

Answer 2

1. lamina lucida
2. lamina densa
3. lamina fibroreticularis

Basement membrane acts as glue for epithelial cells to connect to connective tissue

Question 3

Simple Squamos

Answer 3

Air sacs of lung, lining blood vessels. Allows diffusion

Question 4

Simple Cuboidal

Answer 4

Secretory glands. Secretes and absorbs

Question 5

Simple Columnar

Answer 5

Ciliated tissues in the bronchi, uterine tubes and uterus.

Absorbs: also secretes mucous and enzymes

Question 6

Pseudostratified columnar

Answer 6

Ciliated tissues line the trachea and much of the RESPIRATORY Tract

Question 7

Stratified squamos

Answer 7

Skin, esophogus, mouth and vagina. Protects against abrasions

Question 8

Transitional epithelium

Answer 8

Lines the bladder! Lets tissue stretch

Question 9

What are microfilaments composed of?

Answer 9

Actin

Question 10

Explain Tight Junctions

Answer 10

Homotypical interactions between transmembrane proteins.

• Very narrow gaps, controls movement of stuff between cells.
• Bind to actin microfilaments

Question 11

Name the 2 types of Connective tissue Proper

Answer 11

Loose and Dense (Regular/Irregular)

Question 12

Name 4 Connective tissue type cells

Answer 12

1. fibroblast
2. adipocyte
3. macrophage
4. mast cells

Question 13

What is Collagen

Answer 13

Most abundant protein in the body. 
Extremely strong (example Dentin: Mostly is type I Collagen)

Question 14

Proteoglycans

Answer 14

Main component of “ground substance”

• Mostly carbohydrate with a little bit of protein)
• Can serve to sequester growth factors in ECM and can help activate GF receptors

Question 15

Glycoproteins

Answer 15

Mostly protein with a little of carbohydrate

Question 16

Name the two types of Dense connective tissue and where they can be found in the body

Answer 16

Regular: Tendons and ligaments
Irregular: Deeper dermis, submucosa of intestine

Question 17

What is a FIbroblast

Answer 17

Fibroblasts are the most common cells in connective tissue. Their main function is to maintain the structural integrity of the connective tissue by continuously secreting extracellular matrix proteins like collagens, glycosaminoglycans, and glycoproteins.

Question 18

What makes Collagen so strong?

Answer 18

Collagen is rich in Proline & Lysine (Hydrogen bonding allows triple helical assembly)

Question 19

What is the ground substance in connective tissue

Answer 19

Basically all the non fibrillar stuff that makes up the ECM of connective tissue. Mainly composed of proteoglycans and glycoproteins

Question 20

What are Microtubules made of and what structure are they a part of in the cell

Answer 20

Made of tubulin,

essential part of the sytoskelon.

Question 21

Cell-cell Adhesive junctions

Answer 21

Holds cells together to together cells
Cadherins (outside) Catinins (inside)
-Part of contact inhibition

Question 22

Focal Adehesion Junctions

Answer 22

Holds cells to ECM
Similar to Cell-cell adhesions
-Difference is Integrins replace Cadherens.

Question 23

What are Gap Junctions

Answer 23

Cell-cell aqueous pores.

ions and small water soluable molocules may pass. BUT nucelic acids, sugars and proteins tool large

Question 24

What is a desmosome?

Answer 24

Involved in cell-cell adhesions

• Attach to intermediate filaments.
• Help resist shearing forces

Question 25

What is a hemiadesomosme

Answer 25

Involved with ECM adhesion

• Attach to intermediate filaments
• Integrin transmembrane protein/ Remember (integrin replaces in cadheren in ECM adhesion)