Acids & Bases (Columbo) Week 4

Question 1

What is the normal pH of Blood

Answer 1

7.4 (slightly alkaline)

Question 2

Name the 3 definitions of acids/bases

Answer 2

1. Arrhenius: Acids increase H+ ion conc. in aqueous solutions, bases increase OH- in aqueous solutions.
2. Bronsted-Lowry: Acids donate H+, Bases ACCEPT!! (sperry’s a bitch so he accepts)
3. Lewis: Acids accept e- while bases donate e- pairs.

Question 3

In Blood, what enzyme helps speed the reaction helping CO2 dissolve in blood?

Answer 3

Carbonic anhydrase

Question 4

What is a “Volatile acid”

Answer 4

Carbonic acid is an example of a volatile acid. All other acids produced in aerobic metabolic is considered nonvolatile (lactic acid)

Question 5

What is it called when there is are too many H+ ions in the blood

Answer 5

Acidemia. (Acidosis is the blanket term for the conditions leading to acidemia.

Question 6

Low H+ in blood?

Answer 6

Alkalemia

Question 7

What are 3 ways the body regulates pH

Answer 7

1. Lungs: Remove Co2
2. Kidneys: remove H+
3. Buffering: resist pH changes

Question 8

How would low levels of H+ concentration impact breathing?/High level H+?

Answer 8

Low level - Decreased breathing
High level (acidosis) - Increased breathing

Remember: Lungs can only deal with VOLATILE acid

Question 9

Name 3 ways buffer systems are used to regulate pH

Answer 9

1. Bicarbonate - (Extracellular fluid)
2. Phosphate - (Intracellular fluid - kidneys)
3. Proteins - (BOTH - proteins are (-) charge and can absorb free H+)

Question 10

Define Ka

Answer 10

How easy it is for H+ ion can leave acid.

Question 11

Can buffers change pH?

Answer 11

No, they can only help a solution RESIST a pH change.

Question 12

What is a mixed acid base disorder?

Answer 12

When more than one simple disturbance is acid-base exists.

example: Heavy vomiting cause both metabolic alkalosis (too much HCO3) and Acidosis (increase lactic acid due to loss of blood)