lipids Flashcards
o to h ratio
lower proportion of o than carbs
triglycerides properties
non polar
hydrophobic
monomers of triglycerides
glycerol
3 fatty acids - carboxyl
saturated fatty acid
no c=c
poly vs mono unsaaturated
one or many c=c
cis fatty acids
h atoms are on the same side of the c=c
trans fatty acids
h atoms are on either side of the c=c
bond of glycerol to fatty acid
ester bond
forms when hydroxyl on glycerol bonds with the carboxyl on the fatty acid
CONDENSATITION
energy storage
long hydrocarbon chains contain many c - h bonds that have little o. So in oxidisation during cellular respiration they release lots of energy (almost double carbs)
HYDROPHOBIC - do not affect the osmotic potential of the cell. mammals cand plants can store triglycerides in the form of oils in cells
metabolic water can be produced in the oxidation of h - o bonds - animals can drink this
insulation
in mylen sheath that surrounds nerve fibres providing insulation to increase transmission of nerve impulses
adipose in mammals that reduces heat loss
protection
adipose tissue protects organs
phospholipids structure
2 fatty acids
glycerol
phosphate
polarity
phospate is polar so hydrophilic
fatty acids are non polar and hydrophobic
phospholipids forming monolayers and bilayers in water
non polar fatty acid tains face away from water
phospholipid monolayer will have the phosphate head in
extracellular and intracellular phospholipds will face each other
role of phospholipds
main component of cell membranes
hydrophobic core acts as barrier to water soluble molecules so the cannot enter the cell
composition contributes to the fluidity of cell membrane
control protein orientation in cell membrane.
emulsion test for lipids
add ethanol to sammple
shake
add to test tube
if lipids the milky emulsion is formed
