Lipids Flashcards
What elements make up lipids?
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen (CHO)
what are the properties of Lipids?
insoluble in water (hydrophobic)
what are the four types of lipids?
triglycerides, phospholipids, waxes, and steroids
what do triglycerides, phospholipids, and waxes have in common?
They all have fatty acid tails
Steroids are fused with…
carbon rings
what is the monomer of lipids?
fatty acids and glycerol
what are the functions of Lipids?
Long term energy storage, isolation and protection (protects organs), makes up cell membranes, hormones
what are hormones?
chemical messengers
what are the properties of Fatty Acids?
what makes up fatty acids
Carboxyl group on one end and Carbon Backbone (hydrocarbon chain)
What are triglycerides?
+
Fats + oils
how many fatty acid tails do Triglycerides have?
three
how many glycerol does Triglycerides have?
one
what is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?
Saturated fats contain one or more double carbon bond
What are phospholipids the main component of?
Main component of cell membranes
what are the components of phospholipids?
Hydrophilic head, Hydrophobic tail
what is the difference between hydrophobic and hydrophilic
Hydrophobic means it repels water, hydrophilic means it absorbs water
What are waxes?
what makes up waxes
long chain fatty acids linked to long chain alcohols
do waxes repel or absorb water?
repel
what are the qualities/functions of waxes?
waterproofing, protective coating, resist penetration by microorganisms
Why is the structure of steroids different from the other lipids?
Steroids do not have a fatty acid chain
What type of fats are solid at room temp
saturated
what type of fats are liquid at room temp
unsaturated
what are the components that make up the structure of steroids?
Rigid backbone of four fused-together carbon rings (oxygen does not connect the carbon rings), no carboxyl group
what are steroids?
chemical messengers for the body (example: estrogen, testosterone)
