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Biology > Lipids > Flashcards

Lipids Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What elements make up lipids?

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen (CHO)

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2
Q

what are the properties of Lipids?

A

insoluble in water (hydrophobic)

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3
Q

what are the four types of lipids?

A

triglycerides, phospholipids, waxes, and steroids

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4
Q

what do triglycerides, phospholipids, and waxes have in common?

A

They all have fatty acid tails

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5
Q

Steroids are fused with…

A

carbon rings

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6
Q

what is the monomer of lipids?

A

fatty acids and glycerol

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7
Q

what are the functions of Lipids?

A

Long term energy storage, isolation and protection (protects organs), makes up cell membranes, hormones

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8
Q

what are hormones?

A

chemical messengers

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9
Q

what are the properties of Fatty Acids?

what makes up fatty acids

A

Carboxyl group on one end and Carbon Backbone (hydrocarbon chain)

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10
Q

What are triglycerides?

+

A

Fats + oils

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11
Q

how many fatty acid tails do Triglycerides have?

A

three

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12
Q

how many glycerol does Triglycerides have?

A

one

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13
Q

what is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

A

Saturated fats contain one or more double carbon bond

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14
Q

What are phospholipids the main component of?

A

Main component of cell membranes

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15
Q

what are the components of phospholipids?

A

Hydrophilic head, Hydrophobic tail

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16
Q

what is the difference between hydrophobic and hydrophilic

A

Hydrophobic means it repels water, hydrophilic means it absorbs water

17
Q

What are waxes?

what makes up waxes

A

long chain fatty acids linked to long chain alcohols

18
Q

do waxes repel or absorb water?

A

repel

19
Q

what are the qualities/functions of waxes?

A

waterproofing, protective coating, resist penetration by microorganisms

20
Q

Why is the structure of steroids different from the other lipids?

A

Steroids do not have a fatty acid chain

21
Q

What type of fats are solid at room temp

A

saturated

22
Q

what type of fats are liquid at room temp

A

unsaturated

23
Q

what are the components that make up the structure of steroids?

A

Rigid backbone of four fused-together carbon rings (oxygen does not connect the carbon rings), no carboxyl group

24
Q

what are steroids?

A

chemical messengers for the body (example: estrogen, testosterone)

Biology (13 decks)

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