Lipid transport

Question 1

How are chylomicrons transported from the gut into the bloodstream?

Answer 1

through lacteals (the lymph surrounding the gut), which drain into the thoracic duct -> eventually get to capillary beds where they are absorbed by other tissues

Question 2

What hormone stimulates lipoprotein lipases?

Answer 2

insulin

Question 3

How are chylomicrons processed once they reach capillary beds?

Answer 3

lipoprotein lipase take out fatty acids that are repackaged in the adipose into triglycerides for storage, then the remnants, which contain TGs, cholesterol are picked up by specific receptors in the liver for further processing

Question 4

What happens after chylomicron remnants enter the liver?

Answer 4

they are packaged into VLDL (similar to a chylomicron) with fatty acids made in the liver for delivery into other tissues

Question 5

What does hormone sensitive lipase do?

Answer 5

breaks down triacylglycerides in the adipose into fatty acids in response to rising levels of glucagon

Question 6

During fasting, what does the liver do with fatty acids?

Answer 6

uses them to fuel gluconeogenesis or produce ketones

Question 7

Insulin stimulates what process related to fatty acids in the liver?

Answer 7

the conversion of glucose into fatty acids

Question 8

What are apolipoproteins?

Answer 8

proteins that bind lipids to transport through aqueous environments.

Question 9

What are the characteristic apolipoprotiens for chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, IDL?

Answer 9

apo-B48 is for chylomicrons.

apo-B1000 is for VLDL, LDL, and IDL.

Question 10

What is the apolipoprotein recognized by LPL receptors on cells lining capillaries?

Answer 10

apo-CPII