Linear motion, angular motion, fluid mechanics & projectile motion

Question 1

What is fluid mechanics?

Answer 1

The study of forces acting on a body travelling through the air or water

Question 2

What is air resistance?

Answer 2

The force that acts to oppose the motion of a body as it travels through air

Question 3

What is drag?

Answer 3

The force that acts to oppose the motion of a body as it travels through water

Question 4

What direction does drag and air resistance work in?

Answer 4

In the opposite direction to the direction of motion of a moving body

Question 5

Why do drag and air resistance need to be minimised?

Answer 5

In order to achieve the optimal performance

Question 6

Name the factors affect air resistance and drag

Answer 6

Velocity
Mass
Frontal cross sectional area
Shape
Surface characteristics

Question 7

How does velocity affect air resistance and drag?

Answer 7

The higher the velocity that greater the air resistance and drag

Question 8

How does mass affect air resistance and drag?

Answer 8

The greater the mass the smaller the motion is changed by these forces

Question 9

How does the frontal cross sectional area affect air resistance and drag?

Answer 9

The smaller the area that presents first to the force the lower the air resistance and drag

Question 10

How does shape affect air resistance and drag?

Answer 10

The more streamlined and aerodynamic an object is the lower the air resistance and drag

Question 11

How does surface characteristics affect air resistance and drag?

Answer 11

The smoother an object the lower the air resistance and drag

Question 12

What is projectile motion?

Answer 12

The movement of a body through the air following a curved pathed under the force of gravity

Question 13

What is a projectile?

Answer 13

A body that is launched into the air losing contact with the ground surface

Question 14

What factors affect a projectile?

Answer 14

Speed of release
Angle of release
Height of release

Question 15

How does the speed of release affect a projectile?

Answer 15

The greater the speed the greater the horizontal distance travelled

Question 16

How does the angle of release affect a projectile?

Answer 16

Optimal angle 45 = greatest horizontal distance travelled

Question 17

How does the height of release affect a projectile?

Answer 17

If the release height is higher than the landing height then the greater the horizontal distance travelled

Question 18

What is a parabola?

Answer 18

A uniform curve symmetrical about its highest point

Question 19

What is a parabolic flight path?

Answer 19

When the weight is the dominant force and the air resistance is lower

Question 20

What is a non-parabolic flight path?

Answer 20

When air resistance is the dominant force and weight is lower

Question 21

What flight path is taken if the resultant force arrow is closer to the weight arrow?

Answer 21

Parabolic

Question 22

What flight path is taken if the resultant force arrow is closer to the air resistance arrow?

Answer 22

Non-parabolic

Question 23

What is Bernoulli’s Principle?

Answer 23

The creation of an additional lift force on a projectile in flight resulting from Bernoulli’s conclusion that the greater the velocity of air flow the lower the surrounding pressure

Question 24

How is a lift force created?

Answer 24

When there is fast air with low pressure on the top of the aerofoil and slow air with high pressure on the bottom of the aerofoil

Question 25

How is downward lift force created?

Answer 25

When there is slow air with high pressure on the top of the aerofoil and fast air with low pressure on the bottom of the aerofoil

Question 26

What is Magnus force?

Answer 26

A force created from a pressure gradient on opposing surfaces of a spinning body moving through the air

Question 27

What is the magnus effect?

Answer 27

The creation of an additional Magnus force on a spinning projectile which deviates from the flight of the path

Question 28

Name the 4 types of spin

Answer 28

Hook
Slice
Top
Back

Question 29

What is a hook spin?

Answer 29

A side spin use to deviate projectiles flight path to the left

Question 30

What is a slice spin?

Answer 30

A side spin used to deviate a projectiles flight path to the right

Question 31

What is a top spin?

Answer 31

Creates a downwards Magnus force shortening the flight path

Question 32

What is a back spin?

Answer 32

Creates an upwards Magnus forces, lengthening the flight path

Question 33

How is a top spin created?

Answer 33

Top of the ball: airflow opposes the direction of the spin. This creates slow air and high pressure
Bottom of the ball: airflow in the same direction to the spin. This creates fast air and low pressure

Question 34

How is back spin created?

Answer 34

Top of the ball: airflow in the same direction to the spin. This creates fast air and low pressure
Bottom of the ball: airflow opposes the direction of the spin. This creates slow air and high pressure

Question 35

How is a hook spin created?

Answer 35

Left side of ball: airflow in the same direction to the spin. This creates fast air and low pressure
Right side of the ball: airflow opposes the direction of the spin. This creates slow air and high pressure

Question 36

How is a slice spin created?

Answer 36

Left side of the ball: airflow opposes the direction of the spin. This creates slow air and high pressure
Right side of the ball: airflow in the same direction to the spin. This creates fast air and low pressure