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PE Paper 1 > Injury prevention and rehabilitation of injury > Flashcards

Injury prevention and rehabilitation of injury Flashcards

1
Q

What is an acute injury?

A

A sudden injury associated with a traumatic event

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2
Q

What is a chronic injury?

A

A slowly developed injury associated with overuse

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3
Q

What is a hard tissue injury?

A

Involves damage to bones, joints or cartilage

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4
Q

What is a soft tissue injury?

A

Involves damage to the skin, muscles, tendons or ligaments

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5
Q

Name hard acute injuries

A

Fracture
Dislocation
Subluxation

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6
Q

What is a fracture?

A

A partial or complete break in the bone
Swelling, deformity and pain

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7
Q

What is a dislocation?

A

A displacement of one bone from another out of their position
Deformity and pain

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8
Q

What is a subluxation?

A

An incomplete dislocation that causes damage to the ligaments

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9
Q

Name soft acute injuries

A

Contusion & haematoma
Sprains
Blisters
Strains
Abrasion
Concussion

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10
Q

What are contusions and haematomas?

A

Contusions: bruises are damage to blood vessels
Haematomas: internal bleeding (discolouration and pain)

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11
Q

What are sprains?

A

An overstretch/tear in ligaments caused by a sudden twist (swelling)

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12
Q

What are blisters?

A

Separation of layers of skin where a pocket of fluid forms caused by friction

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13
Q

What are strains?

A

A tear/overstretch in muscles or tendons from overstretching a muscle

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14
Q

What are abrasions?

A

A superficial damage to skin caused by scraping against a surface

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15
Q

What is concussion?

A

Occurs after a trauma to the head. Can cause swelling and disruption in the electrical processes of the brain.
Dizziness, confusion and sickness

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16
Q

Name hard chronic injuries

A

Stress fractures

17
Q

What is a stress fracture?

A

A tiny crack in the surface of a bone caused by over use

18
Q

Name soft chronic injuries

A

Shin splints
Tendinosis

19
Q

What are shin splints?

A

Chronic shin pain due to inflammation of muscles and stress on tendon attachment to the surface of the tibia

20
Q

What is tendinosis?

A

The deterioration of a tendon in response to chronic overuse and repetitive strain

21
Q

Name the extrinsic risk factors of injuries

A

Poor technique and training (repeatedly)
Incorrect equipment and clothing
Warm up and cool down effectiveness
Inappropriate intensity (acute), duration or frequency (chronic) of activity

22
Q

Name the intrinsic risk factors of injuries

A

Posture and alignment issues
Age
Poor preparation
Previous injuries
Nutrition
Inadequate fitness levels
Inappropriate flexibility levels

23
Q

What is a warm up used for?

A

To increase body temperature
To prepare the body physiologically and psychologically
To reduce the risk of injuries

24
Q

Describe a warm up

A

Lasts 20-45 mins
Intensity increase
Pulse raising, dynamic stretching, sport specific drills

25
Q

What is a cool down used for?

A

To maintain HR
To aid the removal of lactic acid
To aid the healing process

26
Q

Describe a cool down

A

Lasts for 20-30 minutes
Intensity decrease
Moderate intensity activity and stretching

27
Q

What is SALTAPS used for?

A

Too see whether a performer should continue after a potential injury

28
Q

Explain SALTAPS

A

Stop: stop game and observe injury
Ask: ask questions to player
Look: check for swelling, bruising, deformity or discolouration
Touch: check for swelling, deformity, lumps, bumps or heat
Active movement: ask for active movement of participant
Passive movement: move injured body part
Strength testing: ask player to stand and put pressure on area. Ask if they can continue

29
Q

What is PRICE?

A

A protocol for acute/soft tissue injuries

30
Q

Explain PRICE

A

Protect injury from further damage
Rest injury for first 2-3 days. Reintroduce movements gradually
Ice the painful area (15-20 mins every 2-3 hours)
Compress injured area to limit swelling/movement
Elevate injury by resting above head

31
Q

What is the 6 R’s?

A

A protocol for the recognition of concussion

32
Q

Explain the 6 R’s

A

Recognise: learn signs and symptoms to help identify a concussion
Remove: remove player with suspected concussion from play
Refer: athlete immediately referred to a qualified health care professional
Rest: rest until symptom free
Recover: fully recover until symptom free
Return: only return when symptom free and cleared by a medic. Compete the graduate return to play protocol

33
Q

What is rehabilitation?

A

The process of restoring full function after an injury has occured

34
Q

What are the 3 stages of rehabilitation?

A

Early stage: gentle exercising encouraging damaged area to heal
Mid stage: progressive loading of connective tissue and bones to develop strength
Late stage: functional exercise and drills to ensure body is fully ready to return

35
Q

Name treatment methods

A

Non-steroid anti inflammatory drugs
Physiotherapy
Heat therapy
Constant therapy
Arthroscopy
Massage
Cold therapy/cryotherapy

PE Paper 1 (10 decks)

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