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HISTO > Limb Development > Flashcards

Limb Development Flashcards

1
Q

Wnt7a

A

middle mesoderm, allows for dorsal-ventral patterning of limb. induces Lmx1

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2
Q

WNT and FGF

A

limb bud growth and distalization

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3
Q

Nail Patella Syndrome

A

no nails bc of WNT7a lack

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4
Q

Morphogenesis

A

specific structures arise in specific spaces

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5
Q

WNT function

A

binds to frizzled and LRP to relay signal that transduces via beta catenin, allows activation of transcription of wnt target genes.

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6
Q

polydactyly

A

Shh and hox genes

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7
Q

Hox Genes

A

in hox gene cluster to lead pattern regulations, such as hox 9

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8
Q

first step in limb development

A

establishing a limb forming field

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9
Q

syndactyly

A

fusion of fingies, not good/working BMP

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10
Q

human limb (forelimb)

A

day 24

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11
Q

Dorsal and Ventral Ectodoerm

A

makes WNT7A and BMPs

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12
Q

How do FGFs work?

A

Binds to tyrosine kinase factors

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13
Q

homeobox genes

A

regulation of development

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14
Q

what does BMP do?

A

inhibits limb development, and necrosis in fingies

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15
Q

lack of fingies

A

deletion of Hox 13 gene

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16
Q

what do you need for limb development?

A

retinoic acid(via hensens node of primitive streak) and hox genes

17
Q

sonic hedgehog (shh)

A

binding growth factor binding to Patched, seen in A-P. Located in posterior dorsal mesenchyme. also seen in notochord for ventralization of neural tube.

18
Q

location of the zone of polarizing activity

A

posterior dorsal mesenchyme of limb bud

19
Q

How does SHH work?

A

SHH allows GLi to activate gene transcription by binding to patched receptor, turning on pattern formation

20
Q

WNT7A and BMPs

A

dorsal ventral axis org.

21
Q

What induces early limb bud?

A

FGF10 via lateral plate mesoderm. induces FGF8 to keep inducing FGF10

22
Q

what induces FGF4?

A

SHH, which then FGF4 induces SHH more

23
Q

Shh inhibits

A

BMP so FGF4/8 increases.

24
Q

Alx4

A

anterior mesoderm

25
Q

Progress zone

A

allows for more distal identity longer it stays there. Indicates specialization of tiem in each area for specialization of limb dev.

26
Q

what happens at week 6?

A

limbs rotate in parasag rotaion to rotate after limb formation.

27
Q

Location of apical ectodermal ridge

A

at distal end of lib bud ectoderm. without it you have no growth and no distal limbs and potentially no signalling of mesoderm.

28
Q

Hox8

A

posterior

29
Q

what induces SHH?

A

FGF 8

30
Q
A

HISTO (14 decks)

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