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HISTO > Early Embryogenesis > Flashcards

Early Embryogenesis Flashcards

1
Q

Ovulation is when

A

an oocyte gets released from the ovary and swept up by fimbriae. This then goes to the fallopian tube

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2
Q

By Day 7, what consists of the inner cell mass(embryoblast?)

A

epiblast and the hypoblast

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3
Q

Week two consists of

A

Doubling of everything, where the embryoblast forms two layers : the epiblast and the hypoblast,
The trophoblasts splits into the: cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast,
2 cavities form: aminotic and yolk sac cavities
the two mesodermal layers of the somatic and splanchnic layers

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4
Q

By day 7, what consists the make up of the zygote?

A
  1. Inner cell Mass
  2. Outer cell mass
  3. Blastocyst cavity
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5
Q

Splanchnic mesoderm vs. somatic mesoderm

A

Splanchnic is inner

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6
Q

What surrounds the oocyte for the sperm to get through for fertilization?

A

Zona pellucida

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7
Q

What needs to happen in order for implantation to occur

A
  1. Loss of Zona pellucida

2. Enter the uterus for proper implantation (no ectopic implantations)

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8
Q

What is the step after the morula called

A

Blastocyst, where the cells are arranged on the outside with a blastomere making up the blastocyst

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9
Q

What can cause conjoined twins?

A

splitting of the primitive node

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10
Q

When does gastrulation occur?

A

Week 3

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11
Q

What occurs around Day 13?

A

Implantation Bleeding, which happens from excess blood due to the sealing of the embryo within the endothelial wall of mom. The yolk sac is gone by this point

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12
Q

What does the chorionic cavity give rise to?

A

extra embryonic cavity that gets smaller as the amniotic sac gets larger.

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13
Q

What is Gastrulation

A

Epiblastic cells invaginate to create the three layers: ecto, meso, and endoderm. Another layer allows for the notocordal plate to form, then the notochord.

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14
Q

Cloacal membrane

A

Anus

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15
Q

Trophoblast function

A

Nutrition

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16
Q

Week three consists of

A

tri laminar formation, where the epiblast forms the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.

17
Q

Where does the egg get fertilized?

A

Ampulla of the fallopian tube

18
Q

What is the inner cell mass a precursor of?

A

the embryo

19
Q

Where does the primitive streak grow?

A

on the midline, caudal to cranial toward the oropharyngeal membrane

20
Q

Result of fertilization

A

Zygote is formed (2n).
Sex is determined
Cleavage of cell for dividing cellular material is initiated

21
Q

What is at the 16 cell stage?

A

Morula, which has all totipotent cells. It takes 3 days to turn into this

22
Q

Amniocentesis

A

baby drandruff water

23
Q

How many hours does it take for the fertilized egg to divide to a zygote?

A

30 hrs

24
Q

Advanced Morula

A

DAY 6: enters the lumen of the uterine cavity

25
Q

What will the syncytiotrophoblast show as a sign of pregnancy

A

hCG secretions

26
Q

How long do spermies chill in the ampulla for before receiving signal from the egg to speed over for fertilization

A

12-24 h

27
Q

Teratogenesis seen in gastrulation

A

Holoprosencephaly, Cyclopia, sirenomelia, sacrococcygeal tumors

28
Q

How much can sperm travel time vary from?

A

30 minutes to 6 days

29
Q

What is the purpose of the notochordal plate, and then the notochord?

A

allows for communication between the epiblast area and the yolk sac. Notochord is what allows proper signaling of forming surrounding structures.

30
Q

By Day 7, what consists of the outer cell mass?

A

Syncytiotrophoblast: multinucleated fused cytotrophoblasts

31
Q

How many days post fertilization does the Blastocyst form?

A

~ 5 days

32
Q

Week one consists of

A

fertilization and implantation of the zygote

33
Q

What will the syncytiotrophoblast give rise to?

A

The placenta

HISTO (14 decks)

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