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Anatomy - Upper Limb > Ligaments and Joints > Flashcards

Ligaments and Joints Flashcards

0
Q

Sternoclavicular (SC) joint

A

Joint is a synovial saddle articulation between the sternal end of the clavicle and the manubrium of the sternum and the first costal cartilage - mobility in all planes

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1
Q

What structures run over and under the transverse scapular ligament?

A

Suprascapular nerve (under ligament) and suprascapular artery (over ligament)

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2
Q

Acromioclavicular (AC) joint

A
  • Joint is a plane synovial articulation located 2-3 cm from the “point” of the shoulder formed by the lateral part of the acromion of the scapula - allows sliding motions
  • Disc is fibrocartilage
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3
Q

Conoid ligament

A

Part of the CC ligament - attached to the root of the coracoid process and to the conoid tubercle on the inferior surface of the clavicle

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4
Q

Coracoclavicular ligament

A

Strong ligament located several centimeters from the AC joint and anchors the clavicle to the coracoid process of the scapula -separated into the conoid and trapezoid ligaments

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5
Q

Glenohumeral (GH) joint

A

Ball and socket synovial joint that permits wide range of movements but makes the joint relatively unstable

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6
Q

Trapezoid ligament

A

Part of the CC ligament - attached to the superior surface of the coracoid process and extends laterally and posteriorly to the trapezoid line on the inferior surface of the scapula

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7
Q

Glenoid labrum

A

Deepening of the GH joint - ring-like and made of fibrocartilage

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8
Q

Transverse humeral ligament

A

Broad fibrous band that runs from the greater and lesser tubercle, bridging over the intertubercular sulcus and converting the groove into a canal for the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii and its synovial sheath

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9
Q

Coracoacromial ligament

A

Spans between the acromion and the coracoid process in the coracoacromial arch

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10
Q

Elbow joint

A

Hinge synovial joint located 2 to 3 cm inferior to the humeral epicondyles

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11
Q

Humeroulnar joint

A

Uniaxial hinge joint between the humerus and the ulna comprising the elbow joint that allows for flexion and extension

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12
Q

Radiohumeral joint

A

Uniaxial hinge joint between the radius and the humerus comprising the elbow joint that allows for flexion and extension

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13
Q

Proximal radioulnar joint

A

Uniaxial pivot synovial joint that allows movement of the head of the radius on the ulna and allows for supination and pronation

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14
Q

Radial collateral ligament

A

Extends from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and blends distally - also known as lateral collateral ligament - not as strong as MCL

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15
Q

Ulnar collateral ligament

A
  • Extends from the medial epicondyle of the humerus to the coronoid process and olecranon of the ulna - also known as the medial collateral ligament
  • Has three bands: posterior, anterior, and oblique
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16
Q

A tight posterior band of the MCL would cause?

A

Difficulty with flexion

17
Q

A tight anterior band of the MCL would cause?

A

Difficulty with extension

18
Q

Scapulohumeral rhythm

A

For every 3 degrees of elevation, 2 degrees occurs at GH joint and 1 degree occurs at scapulothoracic joint

19
Q

Annular ligament

A

Encircles and holds the head of the radius in the radial notch of the ulna, forming the proximal radioulnar joint and permitting pronation and supination

21
Q

Carrying angle

A

Lateral deviation due to articulation of humerus with the ulna

22
Q

Volar carpal ligament

A

Ligament that runs over the Guyon’s cannal - houses ulnar artery and nerve

23
Q

What are the two articulations of the distal radioulnar joint?

A

Head of ulna and ulnar notch on radius

24
Q

What are the two articulations on the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

Radial head and the radial notch on the ulna

25
Q

What are the two articulations of the humeroulnar joint?

A

Trochlear notch of the ulna and the trochlea of the humerus

26
Q

What are the two articulations of the radiohumeral joint?

A

Head of the radius and the capitulum

27
Q

The elbow joint is most stable in what position?

A

Extension

28
Q

What is the function of the TFCC (triangular fibrocartilage complex)?

A

Series of ligamentous structures that bridges the gap between the ulna and the carpals to stabilize the ulnar side of the wrist - has a disc and includes the radioulnar ligament

29
Q

What bone is the supinator fossa on?

A

Ulna

30
Q

What is the function of the oblique cord?

A

Holds the radius and ulna together

31
Q

What is the function of the interosseous membrane?

A

Prevents proximal displacement of the radius on the ulna

32
Q

What is the function of a bursa?

A

Fluid-filled sac that allows the tendon to move over bone and helps to minimize friction

33
Q

What bone is Lister’s tubercle on?

A

Radius

34
Q

What are the two ligaments are the wrist joint?

A

Extrinsic ligaments: ulnar collateral ligament and radial collateral ligament

35
Q

What is the ulnar collateral ligament?

A

Runs from the ulnar styloid process to the triquetrium

36
Q

What is the radial collateral ligament?

A

Runs from the radial styloid process to the scaphoid

37
Q

What is the function of the flexor retinaculum?

A

Holds the tendons close to the ulna and radius

38
Q

Where do the heads of the metacarpals lay?

A

Distal palmar crease

39
Q

What is the function of the tendinous sheath in the fingers?

A

Helps to facilitate ease of gliding - has synovial fluid

40
Q

Oblique retinacular ligament

A

Tightens when there is passive flexion of the DIP (when you extend PIP the DIP goes with it) - part of oblique ligamentous structures of extensor mechanism

Anatomy - Upper Limb (12 decks)

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