Lifestyle indicators - nutrition, physical activity, smoking, alcohol, substance misuse

Question 1

Nutrition: government recommendations and impact on current / potential physical health (short/ long term risks)

Answer 1

• government recommendations: eat well plate, 5 fruit/ veg daily, limit fat/ sugar/ salt, 6-8 glasses water daily, 2000 calories daily (women), 2500 calories daily (man)
• malnutrition (short): weight loss, muslce weakness, anemia, reduced energy, tiredness.
• overnutrition (short): weight gain, joint problems, sleep disturbed, shortness breath
• good nutrition (short): high energy, healthy weight maintained
• malnutrition (long): weakened immune system, weakened bones
• overnutrition (long): obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease.
• good nutrition: improved immune system, lower risk illness/ disease.

Question 2

Physical activity: government recommendations and impacts (short/ long term)

Answer 2

• government recommendations: (adults 19-64 weekly should) 150 minutes moderate intensity exercise or 75 minutes vigorous activity, strengthening on 2 days, reduce extended periods of sitting
• impacts (physical inactivity short term): low energy, weight gain, loss mobility, muscle/joint pain.
• impact (regular physical activity short term): improved stamina/ suppleness/ strength, manage weight
• impacts (physical inactivity long term): cardiovascular disease, obesity, blood clots.
• impacts (regular physical activity long term): lower risk chronic illness eg heart disease, type 2 diabetes, cancer, improved immune system

Question 3

Smoking: government recommendations and impacts (short and long term)

Answer 3

• government recommendations: don’t smoke tobacco in any form, avoid spending time in smoky areas (passive smoking)
• impacts (short term): staining fingers, nails, teeth, reduced taste/smell, increased heart rate, smoker’s cough
• impacts (long term): increased heart disease/stroke, causes mouth/ throat/ lung cancers

Question 4

Alcohol and substance misuse: government recommendations

Answer 4

• don’t drink more than 14 units weekly regularly
• spread drinking evenly over 3 or more days if more than 14 units a week
• several alcohol free days
• avoid use illegal substances (drugs)
• prescription medication as instructed only when prescribed to you