life Flashcards
What is mrs grenc
The criteria which are needed for something to be classified as living
Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity
Growth
Reproduction
Excretion
Nutrition
Control
what do mitochondria do
Found in cytoplasm
Perform aerobic respiration for energy
cell wall
prevents lysis from absorbing water
freely permeable
supports cell structure
vacuole
contains sap which is a reservoir of water, sugar and minerals
also keeps the cell structure rigid
types of light microscope
Compound LM - 2D image
Dissecting LM - 3D image
types of electron microscopes
Transmission EM- 2D image
Scanning EM- 3D image
how do EM microscopes work
use a beam of electrons which bounce off of a still (dead) object
produce BLACK AND WHITE image
what is DNA
a large chromosome which controls cell activity
plasmid
a small circle of DNA containing additional genes
Found in bacteria not animals/plants
Define prokaryotes
A microscopic single celled organism without a nucleus
ribosome
where proteins are made using amino acdis
slime capsule
protects the cell from digestion by other organisms
what do ciliated cells do
catch particles and pathogens flowing through the bronchus and bronchioles
diffusion
net movement of particles down their concentration gradient
diffusion in agar jelly practical
Cut out 3 cubes of phenolphthalein jelly ( 1cm, 1.5cm, 2cm)
Place into acid
Stir until the smallest cube has lost pink colour
Measure the size of each cube’s pink
one useful substance made by the pancreas
insulin
resolution
minimum distance where 2 separate objects appear as separate
eukaryotic cell
complex cells that contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles
how are sperm cells adapted to their purpose
Have a tail to swim
Many mitochondria for energy
Have a haploid nucleus to match up with the egg
how are egg cells adapted to their purpose
Nutrients in cytoplasm
Haploid nucleus (one set of chromosomes)
measurements of metres
centi | cm -2
milli | mm -3
micro | ųm -6
nano | nm -9
pico | pm -12
role of pancreas
During digestion, your pancreas makes enzymes
Define excretion
The removal of toxic waste products
Is bacteria prokaryotic or eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
As they are single celled and have no nucleus
Summarise how aerobic respiration functions
Glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen
Define the nucleus’ purpose in animal cells
Contains the chromosomes which will allow DNA to be copied during mitosis
Controls the cell’s growth and activity
Purpose of cell membrane
Controls the movement of substances in and out of cells
Purpose of chloroplasts in plant cells
Where photosynthesis occurs
Filled with light-absorbing CHLOROPHYLL
Word equation for Photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide + water ->
Glucose + Oxygen
Are bacteria diploid or haploid and why
They reproduce asexually
