Lesson Three

Question 1

Cell theory

Answer 1

The cell is the building block of all organisms and cells come from pre-existing cells

Question 2

Prokaryotic cells

Answer 2

Do not contain a nucleus or many cell organelles, other than ribosomes, because prokaryotic

Question 3

Eukaryotic cell

Answer 3

Have a nucleus and many organelles, contains internal membranes

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

Largest organelle, contains chromatin, surrounded by a double-layered membrane

Question 5

Nucleolus

Answer 5

Dark region in the nucleoplasm, site where rRNA is produced, involved in interactions between nucleus and cytoplasm

Question 6

Chromatin

Answer 6

Hereditary material of the cell, condensed to form chromosomes, composed of protein and DNA

Question 7

Chromosomes

Answer 7

Contains the hereditary information (genes)

Question 8

Cytoplasm

Answer 8

Can change from gel to sol state with heat or change in metabolic activity, supports all the cells organelles

Question 9

Cell membrane

Answer 9

Composed of protein and phospholipids, acts as a skin, acts as a selectively permeable membrane

Question 10

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 10

Contains enzyme that synthesize lipids and related products such as steroids, produced lipids

Question 11

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 11

Like smooth ER but with attached ribosomes. Abundant in cells that produce large amounts of protein

Question 12

Golgi body

Answer 12

One side received protein filled vesicles and then sorts them and packaged them in vesicles st the other side. Then the vesicles move to different locations in cell. Extensive in secretion

Question 13

Vacuoles

Answer 13

Storage area for water, nutrients, and wastes

Question 14

Vesicles

Answer 14

Small vacuoles, can be made by Golgi apparatus

Question 15

Lysosomes

Answer 15

Special vacuoles that digest substances entering the cell or organelles

Question 16

Ribosomes

Answer 16

Contain rNA and protein, create protein, found on ER

Question 17

Mitochondria

Answer 17

Burn glucose to produce ATP, use up oxygen and give off carbon dioxide considered the powerhouse of the cell, had cristae

Question 18

Cytoskeleton

Answer 18

Provides internal structure to maintain the cell’s shape and anchor the organelles

Question 19

How organelles work together:

Answer 19

ER breaks free to produce small membranes of proteins or lipids bound in structures called vesicles. Vesicles move to cytoplasm and join into Golgi apparatus, gA prepared the contents of vesicles for storage. Molecules destined for secretion move to the cell membrane and exocytosis starys, those destined for future use in the cell become lysosomes and have digestive hydronic enzymes (used for hydrolysis).