Lesson Seven Flashcards
Metabolism
A term which refers to all chemical reactions of a cell
Enzymes
Protein catalyst (speeds up chemical reactions)
Apoenzyne
Protein portion that allows an enzyme to do one single type of reaction
Coenzyme
Non-protein protein, can donate or accept atoms from reactions, our body does not make coenzymes
Substrate
Reactant that enzyme acts on
Activation energy
Most reactions will not occur unless energy is added to start the reaction off
Thyroxin
Thyroid gland, is a protein hormone that is in blood stream, governs rate cells consume oxygen.
Thyroglobulin
Is the storage form of thyroxin, requires iodine
Simple goiter
The thyroid gland is unable to meet the metabolic demands of the body so it enlarges
Exothalmic goiter
Graves’ disease occurs due to excessive production of thyroid hormone, can have profusion of eyeballs and enlarged thyroid gland
Substrates must bond to the…
Active site on the enzyme and bright close together. Active site might change shape slightly.
Metabolic pathways
Complex and multi stepped
Heavy metals effect on enzymes
Can bond to cause parts of the enzyme to denature (change shape). This is called non competitive inhibition. (Sticks to a fold which makes enzyme change shape)
Competitive inhibition
Some molecules shaped like a substrate can fit into active site of the enzyme (no reaction) and prevents the correct substrate from binding to its enzyme.
Temperature effect on enzymes
Cold temperatures slow down enzymatic reactions, if we increase the enzyme the reaction rate will increase, if it gets too hot the enzyme active site may change shapes and no longer bond to its substrate.
