Lesson 8 - Chest & Abdomen

Question 1

Bony Thorax

Answer 1

aka ribcage

12 pairs of ribs = 7 true + 5 false that attach via 12 thoracic verterbrae

Question 2

True Ribs

Answer 2

7 pairs that directly attach to sternum via their own costal cartilage

Question 3

False Ribs

Answer 3

5 pairs that all attach to sternum via the costal cartilage of lowermost 7th rib.

Question 4

Floating Ribs

Answer 4

Lowermost 2 pairs of false ribs that do not attach to sternum.

Only attach posteriorally to thoracic verterbae

Question 5

Costal Cartilage

Answer 5

Attaches rib to sternum

Question 6

Sternum Parts

Answer 6

Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid Process

Question 7

Manubrium

Answer 7

Broad superior part of sternum

Question 8

Body (Sternum)

Answer 8

Long middle part of sternum, most ribs attach here.

Question 9

Xiphoid Process

Answer 9

Small inferior part of sternum

Question 10

Abdomen Parts

Answer 10

5 Lumbar Veterbrae
Pelvis
2 Floating Ribs

Question 11

Appendicular vs. Axial Skeleton

Answer 11

Girdles vs.

Skull, Vertebrae, Pelvis, Sacrum/Ribs

Question 12

Thorax Muscles

Answer 12

Diaphragm
External Intercostals
Internal Intercostals

Question 13

Diaphragm

Answer 13

contracts and flattens to increase thoracic volume

Separates thoracic & abdominal cavities

Question 14

External Intercostal

Answer 14

Draws ribs superior and outwards during inhalation –> increases thoracic volume

Question 15

Internal Intercostal

Answer 15

Pulls ribs inferior and inwards during exhalation –> decreases thoracic volume

Question 16

Inhalation Process

Answer 16

1. Diaphragm contracts and flattens downwards
2. External Intercostals pull ribs up and out
3. Thoracic Volume increases, decreases Thoracic Pressure
4. Air flows into low pressure zone in lungs

Question 17

Exhalation Process

Answer 17

1. Diaphragm relaxes and domes upwards
2. Internal Intercostals pull ribs down and in
3. Thoracic Volume decreases, increases Thoracic Pressure
4. Air forced out of body into lower pressure zone

Question 18

Iliopsoas

Answer 18

Deep abdomen muscles
1. Flexes hip joint

Question 19

Quadratus Lumborum

Answer 19

Deep abdomen muscles
1. Lateral flexion to same side (unilateral)
2.Extension of vertebral column (bilateral)

Question 20

Abdomen Muscles

Answer 20

Transversus Abdominus
Internal Obliques
External Obliques
Rectus Abdominus

Question 21

Transversus Abdominus

Answer 21

Compresses internal viscera, deepest abdomen muscle

Question 22

Internal Obliques

Answer 22

1. Compresses internal viscera
2. Flexion of vertebral column. (Bilateral)
3. Lateral flexion to same side (Unilateral)
4. Rotation to same side (Unilateral)

Question 23

External Obliques

Answer 23

1. Compresses internal viscera
2. Flexion of vertebral column. (Bilateral)
3. Lateral flexion to same side (Unilateral)
4. Rotation to opposite side (Unilateral)

more superficial than internal obliques

Question 24

Rectus Abdominus

Answer 24

Flexes vertebral column
Deeper than external obliques

Question 25

Pectoralis Major

Answer 25

F.Ad.M.E.

1. Flexion
2. Adduction
3. Medial Rotation
4. Extension

All affect glenohumeral joint

Question 26

Alimentary Canal

Answer 26

Mouth > Esophagus > Stomach > Small Intestine > Large Intestine > Rectum > Anus

Question 27

Small Intestine

Answer 27

Lined with smooth / visceral muscle fiber

Question 28

Peristalsis

Answer 28

Waves of involuntary contraction to aid digestion and force contents through alimentary canal. Active through ENTIRE canal.

Question 29

Large Intestine / Colon

Answer 29

Ascending Colon - Right side of abdomen
Transverse Colon - middle part goes from right to left
Descending Colon - Left side of abdomen
Sigmoid Colon - S-shaped final part of colon that leads into rectum