Lesson 2 - Cardiovascular & Lymphatic System Flashcards
Cardiovascular system
= heart and 3 blood vessel structures (arteries, veins, capillaries)
a closed loop system = supposed to stay in your body
Cardiovascular Structures
Heart
Arteries
Capillaries
Veins
Heart
- cardiac striated muscle fibers.
- Involuntary pump.
Arteries
- Thicker smooth visceral muscle walls.
- Always carry blood away from the heart.
Capillaries
- walls are 1 cell thick for simple diffusion (exchange of gases - oxygen to co2).
- super tiny and delicate, thinner than a strand of hair.
Veins
- Thinner smooth visceral muscle walls
- Valves prevent back flow of blood
- Always carry blood back to the heart.
Varicose Veins (local contraindications)
Dysfunction of cardiovascular system. A local contraindication of distended vein walls due to broken valves –> blood starts to pool. Most likely to see in superficial veins in lower extremities. Appears purple or blue. Don’t put deep or direct pressure.
Hypertension / High Blood Pressure (possible contraindications)
Lymphatic System
Major component of immune system.
Helps rid body of toxins, date and other unwanted materials.
Open Loop System.
Lymphatic System Function
- transport lymph (fluid containing white blood cells).
- drain and recycle cellular waste
Lymphatic (Open Loop System)
Begins in intercellular spaces and drains waste from cells through peripheral ducts. Interstitial fluid and lympathic fluid basically the same.
Carries remaining waste products through deep ducts to subclavian veins
Open Loop - walls of lymph vessels are permeable
Lymphatic vessels
Tube-like structures that carry lymph away from the tissues to deliver it back into the blood’s circulation
Lymph Nodes Primary Location & Function
Function - filters and recycles waste from lymph vessels.
Location Groups:
1. Cervical - located in neck
2. Axillary - located in armpits
3. Inguinal - located in groin
Edema
Lymphatic dysfunction — pooling of lymph fluid.
Isolates & restricts motion in an area to prevent further damage.
swollen lymph nodes
sign of bacterial or viral infection (e.g tonsillitis, flu, etc)
Closed Loop System
Systemic Circuit - going out to body (except lungs). heart contracts, sends blood through systemic arteries & capillaries, oxygen poor blood travels back via veins.
+
Pulmonary Circuit (lungs)
Heart contracts, sends to pulmonary arteries and capillaries, diffuses from co2 rich to o2 rich, and travels back to heart through pulmonary veins.
MITT
Circulatory massage contraindications:
- Malignancy
- Inflammation / Infection (redness, warmth-heat, swelling, pain)
- Tendency to Hemorrhage (bleed)
- Tendency to Clot
Systemic Circuit
- Oxygen Rich blood leaves via systemic arteries and goes into systemic capillaries
- Simple diffusion happens – becomes Carbon Dioxide Rich blood
- Carbon Dioxide Rich blood goes into systemic veins back towards heart
Pulmonary Circuit
- Oxygen Poor blood leaves via pulmonary arteries and goes into pulmonary capillaries
- Simple diffusion happens – becomes Oxygen Rich blood
- Oxygen Rich blood goes into pulmonary veins back towards heart
Cardiovascular System Functions
- deliver oxygen and nutrients to tissues
- transports waste products to organs responsible for elimination
