Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

LBBBI15 > Lesson 8 - Cardiovascular Physiology > Flashcards

Lesson 8 - Cardiovascular Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

The heart of a person who is 80 years old would have beat __________ times.

A

30,000,000,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

This is a muscular organ situated in the center of the chest behind the sternum

A

Heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The heart pumps blood towards the __________ and __________ circulation

A

Pulmonary and systemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does the heart transport?

A
  1. Blood
  2. Oxygen
  3. Nutrients
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

This type of blood vessel carries oxygenated blood away from the heart (except the pulmonary vein).

A

Arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The aorta carries blood to the __________ circulation.

A

Systemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

This type of blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood away to the heart (except the pulmonary artery).

A

Veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The vena cava carries blood to the __________ from the __________.

A

Heart; systemic circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

These prevent the back-flow of blood and separate the 4 chambers of the heart.

A

Valves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the two pairs of valves?

A
  1. Atrioventricular (AV) Valves
  2. Semilunar Valves
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

This is an AV valve that is found on the right side of the heart and separates the RA from the RV.

A

Tricuspid Valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

This is an AV valve that is found in the left side of the heart and separates the LA from the LV.

A

Mitral Valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

This is a semilunar valve that allows blood flow to the aorta.

A

Aortic Valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

This is a semilunar valve that allows blood flow to the pulmonary artery.

A

Pulmonic Valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How many chambers does the heart have?

A

4 Chambers: 2 atria + 2 ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

This receives blood from the systemic or pulmonary circulation.

A

Atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Atrial contraction contributes to 20% of ventricular filling

A

Primer pump for the ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

This pumps blood to the systemic or pulmonary circulation.

A

Ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the four basic properties of the heart?

A
  1. Excitability
  2. Automaticity & Rhythmicity
  3. Conductivity
  4. Contractility
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

This is important for initiating and conducting action potentials responsible for contraction

A

Automaticity & Rhythmicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The arteries that supply the heart.

A

Coronary arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The cardiac veins drain into the __________.

A

Coronary sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Where can you hear the heart valve sounds of the aortic valve?

A

2nd ICS, Right parasternal border

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Where can you hear the heart valve sounds of the pulmonic valve?

A

2nd ICS, left parasternal border

25
Q

Where can you hear the heart valve sounds of the tricuspid valve?

A

5th ICS, left parasternal border

26
Q

Where can you hear the heart valve sounds of the mitral valve?

A

5th ICS, midclavicular line

27
Q

This is known as the pacemaker of the heart.

A

Sinoatrial node

28
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The sinoatrial node is slower than the other pacemakers.

A

FALSE: Fires faster*

29
Q

What is the flow of electrical activity of the heart?

A

SA Node → AV Node → Bundle of His → Left and Right Bundle Branches

30
Q

This phase has rapid depolarization due to Na+ influx.

A

Phase 0

31
Q

This phase has brief period of repolarization due to K+ efflux and dec in Na+ influx.

A

Phase 1

32
Q

This phase has the plateau of AP due to the increase in Ca2+ influx, ensuring adequate ventricular filling.

A

Phase 2

33
Q

This phase has repolarization due to a decrease in Ca2+ influx and increase in K+ efflux.

A

Phase 3

34
Q

This phase is stable with the resting membrane potential (RMP)

A

Phase 4

35
Q

In electrocardiography, this represents atrial depolarization.

A

P wave

36
Q

In electrocardiography, this represents ventricular depolarization.

A

QRS complex

37
Q

In electrocardiography, this represents ventricular repolarization.

A

T wave

38
Q

In electrocardiography, this represents the duration of AV conduction.

A

PR segment

39
Q

In electrocardiography, this is isoelectric and correlates with plateau of ventricular action potential. It reflects ventricular recovery.

A

ST segment

40
Q

What is the normal heart rate?

A

60-100 bpm

41
Q

What is used to determine rhythm and rate.

A

Lead II

42
Q

When is there a sudden increase in pressure due to the heart pushing blood into the arteries?

A

During systole

43
Q

Blood pressure is highest immediately after __________ and is lowest during __________.

A

Systole; diastole

44
Q

What is the normal range for Blood Pressure?

A

90/60 mmHg to 120/80 mmHg

45
Q

What are the factors affecting blood pressure?

A
  1. Physical activity
  2. Food intake (increased fluid and sodium intake)
  3. Emotions
  4. Pain
  5. Temperature
  6. Use of tobacco, caffeine, drugs
  7. Position
  8. Environmental factors
  9. Physiological factors (Gender, build, emotions, physical exertion, age)
46
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
In preparing the patient and equipment, the patient should be seated upright, feet flat on the floor.

A

TRUE

47
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
In preparing the patient and equipment, the right arm (preferred) should be rested on a desk at the level of the heart.

A

FALSE: left arm

48
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
In preparing the patient and equipment, length & width of bladder cuff should be 80% and 40% of the arm’s circumference, respectively (basically should cover 2/3rd of the arm and should not be too tight or too loose)

A

TRUE

49
Q

Small cuff yields an __________ of BP.

A

Overestimation

50
Q

Large cuff yields an __________ of BP.

A

Underestimation

51
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
In preparing the patient and equipment, patient must have no caffeine or smoking 10-15 mins before measurement

A

FALSE: 30-60 mins

52
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
In preparing the patient and equipment, the patient should be rested at least 5 minutes prior to checking of blood pressure.

A

TRUE

53
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
In preparing the patient and equipment, the patient and the healthcare professional should not be talking during the procedure.

A

TRUE

54
Q

What are the steps to measuring blood pressure?

A
  1. Make sure that the patient is prepared
  2. Take the palpatory BP
  3. Take the actual BP
55
Q

How do you take the palpatory BP?

A
  1. Feel for the radial pulse
  2. Once the radial pulse is found, slowly inflate the BP cuff while looking at the manometer
  3. Once the pulse disappears, take note of the reading. This is your palpatory systolic blood pressure
56
Q

In taking the actual BP, where do you place the diaphragm of the stethoscope?

A

On the brachial artery

57
Q

How much do you add to the palpatory BP?

A

30 mmHg

58
Q

What readings do you take note of in measuring the actual BP?

A
  1. Reading when you hear the first Korotkoff sound
  2. Reading when the sounds completely stop
59
Q

The Korotkoff sound is the __________ BP, while the second sound is the __________ BP.

A

Systolic; diastolic

LBBBI15 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions