Lesson 7.1: Human Person in the Environment Flashcards
the discipline that studies the moral relationship of
human beings with the environment and its non-human contents.
environment philosophy
Philosophers
believe that the human person has the ability to
change the environment to suit his purposes
three views of philosophical environment
anthropocentrism; biocentrism; ecocentrism
focuses on the significant role of humankind in the world
and considers nature as the means by which humans are able to meet their needs
and survive.
Anthropocentrism
This view believes that humans are the most important species on
the planet and they are free to transform nature and use its resources.
Anthropocentrism
believes that humans are not the only significant species on the planet, and that all other organisms have inherent value and should be protected.
Biocentrism
This view advocates ethical treatment of animals.
Biocentrism
places great value on ecosystems and biological communities.
Ecocentrism
This
view believes that humankind is a part of a greater biological system or community
and that we have a significant role as stewards or guardians of nature.
Ecocentrism
This view
promotes the idea that order and balance in nature brings about stability and
beauty
Ecocentrism
The influence of humanity on the environment can be best understood if
we consider the individual person as a dynamic source of change within his
particular environment
Ecocentrism
A philosophical view that believes in maintaining order in the environment will
bring out the natural beauty of surroundings and contribute to the well-being of the
people and other organisms living in it
environmental aesthetics
ancient thinkers related to environmental aesthetics
anaximander, pythagoras
modern thinkers related to environmental aesthetics
immanuel kant; herbert marcuse; george herbert mead
According to his
“Creation-Destruction”,
the sketch of the genesis
of the world (cosmology),
the evolution of the world
begins with the
generation of opposites in
a certain region Nature.
anaximander
anaximander made
“Creation-Destruction”
Nature is indeterminateboundless in the sense that no
boundaries between the warm and or the
moist and dry regions are originally
present within.
anaximander
He described the
universe as living
embodiment of
nature’s order,
harmony, and
beauty
pythagoras
He sees our
relationship with the
universe involving
biophilia (love of
other living things) and cosmophilia
(love of other living beings).
pythagoras
love of other things
biophilia
love of other living beings
cosmophilia
“The orderliness of nature and the harmony of nature with our faculties guide us toward a deeper religious perspective”
immanuel kant
“Human have
power over
nature.”
Herbert Marcuse
“Man have duties and responsibilities in nature”
George Herbert Mead
Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.”
sustainable development
who defined sustainable development
world commission on environment and development
any environmental,
economic and social advances can be realized within the carrying capacity of earth’s
natural resources.
idea of sustainable development
It is reconciling human activities and
economic advances while protecting our environment.
sustainable development
principles of sustainability
environmental integrity; economic efficiency; equity
means that any human activities or economic
advances should not unduly disrupt the environment and human communities
located in the area.
environmental integrity
The environment should not be drastically impacted by
human activities
environmental integrity
this is to ensure that there is minimum to zero waste in
using our natural resources
economic efficiency
it refers to conserving our natural resources so that the future
generations will still be able to use it
equity
theories in radical ecological philosophy
deep ecology, social ecology, ecofeminism
proponent of Deep ecology
Arne Naess
proponent of Social ecology
Murray Bookchin
assumes that all living things possess equal value and intrinsic worth regardless of their usefulness or utility to other beings.
deep ecology
This is experiencing ourselves as part of the living earth and finding our role in protecting the planet.
deep ecology
It highlights the shifting away of approaches to environment from anthropocentrism to ecocentrism
deep ecology
believes that ecological problems can be traced to social problems.
social ecology
Societies that are structured around hierarchies as well as economic classes use their authority to dominate natural resources and exploit the environment for profit and self interest.
social ecology
It assumes that male-centered view of nature is the root cause
of ecological problems.
ecofeminism
To address environmental problems humanity has to
remove the
superior vs inferior in human relations
believes
that a society that tolerates the oppression of women is directly linked with its
tendency to tolerate the abuse of the environment and the degradation of
nature.
ecofeminism
It also features the existing patriarchal and capitalist systems in our
society as social and economic exploitative to the detrimental of women and
nature.
ecofeminism
This theory benefits the social and political agenda of both female and
nature.
ecofeminism
two of the many virtues that can help us in addressing various
environmental problems and solving the challenges these problems have created.
prudence and frugality
the capacity to direct and discipline one’s activities and behavior
using reason
prudence
It is the behavior that is cautious and, as much as possible, keeps
away from any risks.
prudence
Prudence is considered as the
first and most vital among the four cardinal values
four cardinal values
prudence, justice, fortitude, temperance
According to
Adam Smith’s The Theory of Moral Sentiments (1759), a truly righteous person
embodies the value o
prudence
why does a truly righteous person embody the value of prudence
it controls one’s overindulgences and as such is vital for a certain society
As St. Thomas Aquinas argued, prudence is
not purely an individual virtue but concerns the social dimension too
It means that prudence
favors
not only the private good of a certain person, but also the common good
also considered as an ecological virtue since it implies the
acknowledgement of human finiteness, both moral and physical
prudence
is indivisible from the physical environment, which means that we, vulnerable
beings, depend on a no less fragile and vulnerable natural world, the ultimate source
of human well-being and economic prosperity.
human finiteness
can help us become wiser,
more responsible in terms of using our natural resources and, most importantly,
become more appreciative of nature’s essential value.
prudence
the quality of being thrifty
frugality
. It is the careful supervision
of one’s resources.
frugality
another fundamental value that
can help us develop a sense of right and wrong and attain whatever we want in life.
frugality
it is a virtue that can guide us in making choices in life and receiving the
most value out of those decisions.
frugality
Commonly, when we talk about frugality, we are
talking about the
cautious management of material resources, especially money
It can be considered as
one of the most important parts when it comes to carrying on our responsibilities to
our community and the world.
frugality
a frugal person usually lives out the idea of
reduce, reuse, recycle just to minimize expenses
plays a big role in
protecting our environment. It finds a great deal of value in lessening one’s use of
natural resources and, at the same time, getting as much value as possible out of
the resources that we are using
frugality
