Lesson 6: Pain, Distress, or Discomfort

Question 1

Distress?

Answer 1

Any aversive state in which an animal fails to adjust to various stressors. It may not induce an immediate and observable alteration.

Question 2

Why should anesthetic drugs be administered before any onset of pain?

Answer 2

Since a pain stimulus often become hypersensitive.

Question 3

Two basic principles when it comes with anesthetics in research animals?

Answer 3

*Any procedure that would be expected painful for humans must be considered equally to an animal
*Any question of whether or not a procedure is painful, the animal should receive the benefit of analgesia.

Question 4

General anesthesia induces a loss of consciousness useful to?

Answer 4

*Control pain during an invasive procedure (e.g., surgery)
*Prevent the distress associated with a procedure or a restraint (e.g., cardiac puncture)
*Immobilize the animal (e.g., to perform a bone density scan)

Question 5

Local anesthesia is used alone or in conjunction with general anesthesia or general analgesia. The drug block what?

Answer 5

The transmission of the painful stimulus to the central nervous system.

Question 6

Neuromuscular blocking agent prevent movement but have?

Answer 6

no anesthetic or analgesic properties.