Lesson 6 Flashcards
What are 8 examples of sharps?
- Needles
- Broken glass
- Biopsy
- Blades
- Scissors
- Syringes
- Sculpts
- Suture equipment
Sharp waste
Objects that may contain human blood, fluid and tissues with pathogens
What are 4 examples of sharp waste?
- Glass vials
- Biopsy equipment
- Broken equipment
- Other broken glass sharp ceramic or plastic piece
How do we dispose of sharp waste?
In a sharp waste container
When should you dispose of sharp waste?
ASAP
What are 4 characteristics of sharp waste containers?
- Labelled
- Closed off
- Puncture proof
- Easily accessible
How is one way to prevent injury with needles?
Dont put the caps back on them once they have been used
What do you do if sharps are contaminated with hazardous chemicals or radioactivity?
You dispose of them in a separate sharps container with a radioactive or chemical waste tag as appropriate
- note if it is bio-hazardous also
What does the radioactive sign look like?
A fan
What do people use now a days to make needles more safe?
They have a guard on them to prevent poking people
- the guard is longer than the needle
What are 3 possible hazards that can occur with sharps?
- Broken skin
- poking yourself/someone else - Increased risk of exposure to infectious diseases
- Increase of risk of exposing other to our blood and possible infectious diseases
What are 3 possible hazards that can occur with sharps?
- Broken skin
- poking yourself/someone else - Increased risk of exposure to infectious diseases
- Increase of risk of exposing other to our blood and possible infectious diseases
What should you always be wearing during biopsies or other procedures with body fluids?
Gloves
- sometimes a gown
- mask (if potential for spray)
PPE
Personal protective equipment
Personal protective equipment
Is for protection from definite, likely or potential exposure and you must be proactive
What are 3 examples of blood borne pathogens?
- HIV
- AIDS
- Hepatitis B/C
Blood borne pathogens
Infectious microorganisms in the blood that can cause disease
What does HIV turn into if not treated?
AIDS
What is the % of getting infected with HIV through an infected needle?
Close to 1%
What is the % of getting infected with hepatitis B with an infected needle?
20-30%
What is the % of getting infected with HIV through an infected needle
Similar statistics to Hepatitis B, but a little less
Why are the %’s so low for potential diseases from an infected needle? (2)
- The quantity would be quite low on the needle
- Depends on the conditions of the room
- temp
- moisture
- light
What are 2 possible means of contact with blood borne pathogens?
- Accidental puncture from a contaminated needle
2. A scratch from a contaminated piece of glass
What are in humans that can cause disease in human?
Infectious microorganisms
How can infected blood enter your system? (3)
- Open sores, cuts, abrasions, acnes
- Any broken skin
- sunburns
- blisters
- bad rash - Mucous membranes
- eyes
- nose
- mouth
What are potential infected body fluids? (6)
- Blood
- Saliva
- Urine
- Vaginal secretion/semen
- Feces
- Serous
- pus
DMARDS
Disease Modifying Anti Rheumatic drugs
What kind of workers are at increased risk for infection?
Immunocompromised workers
Immunocompromised workers
Individuals that have an immune system that is impaired or weakened
- dont have the ability to respond normally to an infection
What is the most common immunodeficiency?
Secondary or acquired immunodeficiencies
What 2 thing suppress immunity?
- Age
2. Malnutrition
What 3 medications impair the immune system?
- Chemotherapy
- DMARDS
- Biologics
PEP
Post exposure prophylaxis
- protocol after being exposed to blood
Post exposure prophylaxis
Medication you take regardless if you have been infected or not
- just to be safe
Who has systems in place for reporting exposures? (2)
- Employers
2. Ontario Labour Board
What do you do after blood exposure? (3)
- Wash your hands/body part that was hit with blood
- PEP reporting is essential
- PEP treatment
- start this as early as possible
What does the occupational health department check?
If the vaccinations (like HBV) are up to date
HBV
Hepatitis B Virus
