Lesson 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

Status in which an adolescent has not had a crisis or made a commitment. An early adolescent, for example, may not have thought about career choices.

A

Identity diffusion

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2
Q

Status in which an adolescent has committed to an option that they have not thought much about. e.g. - a student wanting to be a laser because that’s what their parents want them to be.

A

Identity foreclosure

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3
Q

Criminal acts such as robbery, rape, and assault.

A

Index offenses

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4
Q

Include running away, truancy, and underage drinking.

A

Status offenses

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5
Q

A sex hormone, considers the chief estrogen.

A

Estradiol

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6
Q

A hormone that affects appetite and is believed to affect the onset of puberty.

A

Leptin

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7
Q

An aspect of adolescent egocentrism characterized by a belief that his/her thoughts, feelings, or experiences are unique and more wonderful or awful than anyone else’s.

A

Personal fable

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8
Q

Reasoning from a general statement, premise, or principle, through logical steps, to figure out specifics. Also called top-down reasoning.

A

Deductive reasoning

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9
Q

Reasoning from specific experiences or facts to reach a general conclusion. Also called bottom up reasoning.

A

Inductive reasoning.

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10
Q

The notion that 2 networks exist within the human brain. One for emotional, and one for analytical processing.

A

Dual-process model

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11
Q

The continued investment of time, effort, or money, into something that has little chance of success or a return.

A

Sunk-cost fallacy

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12
Q

the tendency for people to mistakenly judge the likelihood of a situation by not taking into account all relevant data. For example, someone who plays “lucky” lottery numbers without taking into consideration the actual odds.

A

Base rate neglect (base rate fallacy)

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13
Q

An international test taken by 15-year olds in 50 countries that is designed to measure problem solving and cognition in daily life.

A

Program for International Student Assessment (PISA)

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14
Q

Erikson’s term for premature identity formation, which occurs when an adolescent adopts parents or society’s roles and values without question or analysis.

A

Foreclosure

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15
Q

A person whose criminal activity typically begins in early adolescence and continues throughout life; a career criminal

A

Life-course-persistent offender

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16
Q

A person whose criminal activity stops by age 21.

A

Adolescence limited offender

17
Q

Refers to the adolescents ability to form a guess (hypothesis) about the best solution to a problem and systematically test its accuracy.

A

Hypothetical-deductive reasoning