Lesson 4 Flashcards
By the age of 5, how does the child’s brain size compare to the adult?
How does the body weight compare?
90% of the adult brain weight
30% of the body weight
The long narrow strip of nerve fibers connecting the left and right hemispheres of the brain.
Corpus Callosum
What is the last part of the brain to reach maturity?
The prefrontal cortex, in charge of “executive” functions such as planning, selecting, and coordinating.
Most common cause of death after 1 year?
2nd most common between 1-4 years (boys)
MVA’s
Drowning (2nd for boys, 3rd for girls)
Burns (2nd for girls, 3rd for boys)
The ability to use a mental symbol, a word, or an object to represent something that is not physically present.
e.g. - a child understands that the word “horse” represents a real horse that is not present.
Symbolic Function
What are the four characteristics of Preoperational thought, according to Piaget.
Centration - the child focuses on one aspect of a situation.
Focus on appearance - how a person looks is considered and all other attributes excluded.
Static Reasoning - the world is unchanging and remains how they encounter it.
Irreversibility - child is unable to comprehend that reversing a process can sometimes restore how something was.
Vygotsky was a child development psychologist that had a focus on what?
Development within their social context.
e.g. - interaction from caregivers is crucial to learning and development
Range of skills that a person can exercise with assistance, but is not quite ready to perform independently.
Zone of proximal development (Zygotsky)
The acquisition of language skills critical for learning.
Emergent literacy
What year was the head start program launched?
1965
Developmental psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg studied what?
How people develop a sense of morality and justice
Kohlbergs Levels of Moral Development
List the 3 levels
- Pre conventional morality: morality based on rewards/punishments.
- Conventional morality: morality based on pleasing others in society.
- Post conventional morality: morality based on moral principles broader than society offers.
Parenting style: the parents word must be obeyed without variation, any misconduct results in strict punishment.
Authoritarian
Parenting style: expectation for maturity is low, parents are nurturing and discipline is rare. Parents hope to be friend, not authorities, to their children.
Permissive
Parenting style: parents set limits and enforce rules, but also talk, listen, and discuss feelings/problems. They seek to be guides/mentors, neither authorities or friends.
Authoritative
