lesson 4

Question 1

there is a difference between what exists in reality and what is measured by a research instrument

Answer 1

measurement errors

Question 2

responses and scores are “affected by the situation”

Answer 2

environmental contaminants

Question 3

response or scores are affected by the respondents “personal states” which influence motivation to cooperate

Answer 3

Variation in personal factors

Question 4

characteristics and responses ‘can interfere with accurate measures’

Answer 4

quality of responses

Question 5

“different ways of collecting data from one person to another” can cause score variations

Answer 5

variation in data data collection

Question 6

if instructions are poorly understood, then scores are affected by confusion or misunderstanding

Answer 6

clarity of the instrument

Question 7

“Errors can occur as a result” of sampling items used to measure a variable

Answer 7

Sampling of items

Question 8

“the manner in which the instrument is prepared, such as technical aspect,” can influence measurement

Answer 8

format of the instrument