Lesson 3.2.1 Proteins Flashcards
What are the purposes of proteins in the body?
Aside from being an energy source for the body, proteins act as hormones and enzymes that build, maintain, and repair tissues, and maintain the fluid balance in the body. After water, protein is the most plentiful substance in our bodies.
What are proteins composed of?
Molecules of protein are composed of amino acids linked together in a structural chain.
How do amino acids build the body?
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, needed to construct every cell in the body, from white and red blood cells to the cells in your skin, organs, and bones.
How many amino acids construct protein?
There are 20 amino acids that can be incorporated into a protein,
Where do amino acids come from?
Essential amino acids cannot be synthesized by the body and therefore must be consumed from food or supplements.
How many amino acids are essential to the body?
9.
What are the essential amino acids?
The essential amino acids are histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine; these must be provided through dietary sources.
What are the non essential amino acids?
The remaining amino acids (alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine, proline, serine, and tyrosine) are classified as nonessential and can be manufactured within the body.
What do complete proteins form?
Complete proteins contain all the essential amino acids needed for tissue formation and growth within the body.
Name some examples of proteins.
Examples of complete proteins are eggs, dairy products, seafood, and meat.
Describe incomplete proteins.
Incomplete proteins are capable of maintaining life but lack one or more essential amino acids to promote growth.
What will two incomplete proteins do?
The combination of two incomplete protein sources such as beans and whole grains forms a complete protein with all of the essential amino acids.
How do proteins combine?
Ingested proteins will combine in the body over the space of meals eaten during the day.
What is the caloric content of a protein?
Four calories.
