Lesson 2.0 The Human Body Flashcards
Name the main elements forming the structural elements of the body.
The chemical level; the cellular level; the tissue level; the organ level; the system level.
What comprises the chemical level of the body?
The most basic is the chemical level: the atoms and molecules that make up the body. Atoms combine to become molecules and molecules combine to become cells.
What comprises cells?
Atoms combine to become molecules and molecules combine to become cells, creating the cellular level.
What forms tissues?
Groups of similar cells are called tissues.
What are the four main tissue types?
Four main types make up the tissue level: epithelial, muscle, connective, and nervous tissue.
What forms body organs?
Tissues join to form organs, which are usually a combination of two or more different tissues. Organs have specific functions and recognizable shapes.
What forms the system level in the body?
Organs that are related to each other and serve a common purpose create the system level.
Name the major systems of the body.
The digestive system; the cardiovascular system; the respiratory system; the nervous system; the endocrine system; integumentary system; immune system; the lymphatic, the musculoskeletal, the reproductive and urinary systems.
What is the digestive system responsible for?
The stomach and intestines in the digestive system process food, provide nutrients for the body, and eliminate waste.
What is the cardiovascular system responsible for?
The heart, blood vessels, and blood in the cardiovascular system transport these nutrients to every cell.
What does the respiratory system perform?
The lungs, nose, and throat of the respiratory system provide oxygen, which also nourishes the cells.
What functions do the nervous and endocrine systems perform?
The nervous and endocrine (hormonal) systems regulate the body and instruct and direct every function.
What does the integumentary system provide?
The integumentary system (skin, hair, and nails) is the first line of defence against disease, infection, and injury.
What function dies the immune system perform?
The immune system guards against intruders in the body.
