Lesson 3 & 4

Question 1

a set of elements standing in interrelation among themselves with the environment

Answer 1

System

Question 2

are arranged hierarchically

Answer 2

System

Question 3

Every system is a ________ for systems contained _________ and a _________ for a system ____________.

Answer 3

super system; within it; subsystem; containing it

Question 4

True or false: All systems are more or less similar.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

This theory states that development is a lifelong process that reflects the individual’s understanding of the environment and his or her relationship to it.

Answer 5

Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory

Question 6

In Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory, what is the most inner circle?

Answer 6

Individual (age, sex, health, etc.)

Question 7

In Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory, these are the:
Media influences
Computers
Internet
Portable devices
Social media
TV Phone

Answer 7

Techno-subsystem

Question 8

In Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory, these are the direct interacton in activities, roles and relations with others and objects

Answer 8

Microsystem ~ immediate environment (example: family, school, friends, workplace, neighborhood, religious community)

Question 9

In Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological System Theory, these are the Connections between systems and microsystems

Answer 9

Mesosystem (Example: the relationship between the father and the school teachers.)

Question 10

In Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory, these are the systems that influence the individual indirectly through micro-system

Answer 10

Exosystem ~ indirect environment (example: government laws, mass media, industry, parent’s workplace, neighborhood resources, media influence on parents)

Question 11

In Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory, these are the Social ideologies and values of cultures and subcultures

Answer 11

Macrosystem (ex. norms and values of the culture; country’s legal system, economic conditions, or dominant cultural values (e.g., individualism vs. collectivism) )

Question 12

In Bronfenbrenner’s ecological system’s Theory, these are the time and historic influences

Answer 12

Chronosystem

Question 13

What are the layers of Bronfenbrenner’s Bioecological Model of Human Development

Answer 13

ITMMEMC
Individual
Techno Subsystem
Microsystem
Mesosystem
Exosystem
Macrosystem
Chronosystem

Question 14

Explain the human ecological framework

Answer 14

is a model that views individuals and families as interacting systems within their environments. It emphasizes the interconnectedness of humans with their (1) natural, (2) human-built, and (3) socio-cultural environments.

Question 15

Introduced by Dr. Murray Bowen

Answer 15

Family Systems Theory

Question 16

Suggests that individuals cannot be understood in isolation from one another but rather as part of their family, as the family is an emotional unit

Answer 16

Family Systems Theory

Question 17

Each member has a role to play and rules to respect.

Answer 17

Family Systems Theory

Question 18

Members of the system are expected to respond in a certain way according to their role(s), which is determined by relationship agreements.

Answer 18

Family Sytems Theory

Question 19

Within the boundaries of the system, this develop as certain family member’s behavior is caused by other family members behavior in predictable ways

Answer 19

Pattern

Question 20

Maintaining the same pattern of behavior(s) within a system may lead to balance in the family system, but can also lead to ____________

Answer 20

dysfunction

Question 21

The change in family roles may maintain stability in the relationship, but it may also push the family toward a different equilibrium

Answer 21

Family Systems Theory (True)

Question 22

A component of family systems theory that states that the the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.

Answer 22

Non-summativity

Question 23

A component of FST that states that the same happens in human interactions; part of a continuous, reciprocal loop, rather than a linear cause-and-effect sequence. It suggests that each family member’s behavior both influences and is influenced by the behaviors of others in a dynamic, ongoing cycle.

Answer 23

Circular Causality

Question 24

A component of FST that states that families may react similarly to the same experience or achieve outcomes by very different processes (outcomes are not rigidly determined by a single factor; multiple pathways to reach the same outcome within a family system.)

Answer 24

Equifinality

Question 25

Component of FST that are the key concepts that help describe how family systems function and interact with their environments. Type of System and Kinds of Boundaries

Answer 25

System Types
1. Supra system (larger system in which the family exists such as the community, culture, or extended family.)
2. Subsystem (smaller, distinct units within the family system who perform specific roles and interact in particular ways such as parent-child, sibling-sibling).

Boundaries
1. Open (allows for flexibility)
2. Closed (restrict external interaction)

Question 26

A component of FST where it is the ability to adapt to stressors; and the ability of the system to grow systematically over time to adapt to the changing needs of the family.

Answer 26

Morphogenesis

Question 27

A component of FST where it is the ability to adapt to stressors; and the ability of the system to grow systematically over time to adapt to the changing needs of the family.

Answer 27

Morphogenesis

Question 28

What are the Four Components of Community (Christenson and Robinson, 1980)

Answer 28

PASI

1. People
2. Area or territory
3. Social Interaction
4. Identification within the community

Question 29

Approaches to Define a Community

Answer 29

• Groups of people
• Social Interaction
• Shared values
• Shared territory
• Key to personal identity
• Social order: Social Structure and Institutions
• Social system: Network of relationships within the community.
• Field of action
• Ecological system:Adaptable Social Environment