Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ZZ3 Clinical Pharma > Lesson 3 > Flashcards

Lesson 3 Flashcards

1
Q

complete failure of the tissues to get adequate supply of oxygen

A

anoxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

reduce supply of oxygen, and is the more appropriate term for the usual condition accompanying respiratory disorder.

A

hypoxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

defective oxygenation of blood in the pulmonary circuit and is usually caused by a primary disease of the respiratory tract

A

anoxic hypoxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

deficiency of haemoglobin per unit volume of blood but the blood oxygen tension is normal

A

anemic hypoxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Caused by a reduction of the rate of blood flow to and from the capillaries

A

stagnant hypoxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Result from the failure of the tissue oxidation system in the presence of fully oxygenated blood

A

histotoxic anoxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

depth and rate of respiratory movement increase

A

hyperpnoea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

increase number of RBC

A

polycythemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

retention of excessive carbon dioxide in the body

A

hyper apnea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

bluish discoloration of skin and mucous membrane

A

cyanosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

nose bleeding clinical term

A

epistaxis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

surgery required for obstruction of upper respiratory tract

A

tracheotomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

useful only in cases of anoxia and when the respiratory tract is not completely obstructed

A

oxygen therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

oxygen therapy are not adopted in large animals but rather in

A

small animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

instituted by intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) during open thoracic surgery or paralysis with a muscle relaxant drugs or poisons

A

atrificial respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

may be needed in certain instances such as during an overdose of certain anesthetic

A

Administration of central respiratory stimulants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

examples of central respiratory stimulants

A

pierotoxin, metrazole, nikethamide, caffeine, amphetamine, and yohembine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

a condition of hypoxia combined with hypercapnia

A

asphyxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

drugs that increase the volume and fluidity of secretions in the respiratory tract

A

expectorants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

examples of Directly acting expectorants

A

eucalyptus, pine oil, camphor, lemon oil, potassium iodide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

examples of indirectly-acting expectorants

A

ammonium carbonate, ammonium chloride, potassium iodide, potassium citrate, guaifenesin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

may be administered orally or by inhalation in the form of aerosol

A

directly acting expectorants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

administered orally, cause irritation of the nerve endings in the stomach and thereby provoke a mild vomiting reflex

A

indirectly acting expectorant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Liquefy hardened respiratory debris for easier expectoration

A

mucolytics

25
Q

examples of mucolytics

A

acetylcysteine (carbocysteine)

26
Q

Constrict blood vessels in mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract thereby decreasing their leakiness

A

a Adrenergic stimulants

27
Q

most effective route of a Adrenergic stimulants

A

direct instillation by way of external nares

28
Q

examples of a Adrenergic drugs

A

phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine, oxymethazoline, propylhexedrine, tuaminoheptane

29
Q

use in preventing excessive respiratory secretions due to cholinergic stimulation such as during organophosphate poisoning

A

anticholinergics

30
Q

May lead to production of excessively sticky secretion in the respiratory tract

A

anticholinergics

31
Q

example of anticholinergics

A

atropine sulfate

32
Q

best choice for management of acute and chronic rhinitis

A

a Adrenergic stimulants

33
Q

degrade and liquefy inflammatory debris

A

mucolytic and proteolytic enzymes

34
Q

Notable examples of mucolytics

A

acetylcysteine (carbocysteine) and bromhexine

35
Q

used as antidote for acetaminophen (Paracetamol) poisoning

A

acetylecysteine

36
Q

Breaks the disulfide bonds in mucus resulting in its liquefaction

A

acetylcysteine

37
Q

acetylcysteine cause bronchoconstriction therefore must be given with

A

bronchodilator

38
Q

Increase the volume and fluidity of respiratory secretion by a different mechanism

A

bromhexine

39
Q

bromhexine is also used in treatment of dogs in association with antibiotic therapy

A

infectious tracheobronchitis (kennel cough)

40
Q

clinically useful proteolytic enzymes

A

pancreatic dornase, trypsin, streptokinase, and streptodornase

41
Q

usually administered by inhalation (nebulization) to degrade inflammatory materials in cases of severe respiratory disorders

A

proteolytic enzymes

42
Q

drugs used to suppress cough

A

antitussives

43
Q

protective reflex initiated by the presence of foreign materials in or by irritation of the respiratory tract

A

cough

44
Q

muscle involved when coughing

A

intercostal

45
Q

cause relaxation of the bronchial smooth muscles and increase the functional capacity of the respiratory tree

A

bronchodilator

46
Q

major components responsible for bronchodilation

A

b adrenergic receptors

47
Q

not a bronchodilator but by preventing the release of histamine from mast cells, it is useful as a prophylactic agent to prevent attacks in chronic bronchoconstrictor disorders

A

cromolyn sodium

48
Q

potent bronchodilators which act in the manner similar but not identicl to the symphatomimetics

A

methylxanthines

49
Q

Highly potent and efficacious drugs for the management of acute and chronic bronchoconstriction

A

sympathomimetics

50
Q

Has very potent, prompt, but transient bronchodilator action

A

epinephrine

51
Q

Stimulates both beta and alpha adrenergic receptor and is useful for acute conditions where it can be given parenterally

A

epinephrine

52
Q

epinephrine for inhalation available

A

parathion

53
Q

epineprhine is ineffective in this route

A

oral

54
Q

isoproterenol is most effective if given

A

parenterally or inhalation

55
Q

Has slower onset but more prolonged effect (4 -6 hours)

A

ephedrine

56
Q

a bronchodilator that less potent but is effective when given orally but can cause marked CNS stimulation

A

ephedrine

57
Q

bronchodilator that is a pure a Adrenergic stimulator

A

isoproterenol

58
Q

Have dual action to cause bronchodilation and reduction of inflammatory swelling of the respiratory tract

A

corticosteroid

ZZ3 Clinical Pharma (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions