Lesson 2 - Food Patterns Flashcards
Which country has a diet that may be high in fat and carbohydrates and limited in protein, iron, calcium, and vitamin and C
U.S Southern
Popular foods: corn bread, biscuits, grits, rice, sweet potatoes, squash, Watermelon, oranges, peaches, fried fish, lima beans, green beans cooked with pork, barbecued or stewed meats, and poultry
U.S Southern
food combo that make a complete protein.
Beans and corn
- Combination of Spanish & Native American
Popular foods: beans, rice, chili peppers, tomatoes, and tortillas made of corn meal or flour
Hispanic
what would improve a hispanic/puerto rican diet?
Milk, green and yellow vegetables, and vitamin C -rich foods would improve this diet
- Popular Foods: rice (basic carbs) beans, peppers, tomatoes, bananas, pineapple, mangoes, papayas, chicken, beef, and pork
Puerto Rican
How to improve an Italian Diet?
Fat-free milk and low-fat meat
- Popular foods: pastas, tomato sauce, cheese, fish, meat, and root vegetables
- Always pair in wine
Italian
How to improve middle eastern diet?
- May need extra protein and calcium sources
- Fresh fruits and vegetables should be added to increase vitamins, minerals and fiber.
- Popular foods: grains, wheat, rice, chickpeas in the form of hummus, lamb, yogurt, cabbage, grape leaves, eggplant, tomatoes, dates, olives and figs
Middle Eastern
- Popular foods: rice (primary carbs) eggs, pork, and tea soybeans, eggs,
- Low-fat diet
- Milk is not common
- Tea is a common beverage
- Foods are cut into small pieces
Chinese
Popular foods: rice, soybean paste and curd, vegetables, fruits, and fish
- Tempura style (fried)
- Soy sauce (shoyu) and tea are common.
Japanese
two countries that diet lacks milk; may be deficient in calcium and excessive in salt
Japanese nad Chinese
Popular foods: eggs, dairy products, rice, peas, beans, and spices (curry)
- Diet may be vegetarian
- Eating with one’s fingers is acceptable
Indian
Origin of Hinduism
India
which food content we must avoid?
cholesterol, added sugars, salt, & alcohol
- Popular foods: rice, curries, vegetables, fruits
- Fish and meats are used in small amounts
- Diet mat lack adequate protein and calcium
Thai, Vietnamese, Laotian, and Cambodian
Key recommendations for People >50y/o
Vit B12 (cobalamin)
Key recommendations for women
Iron + Vit C
Key recommendations for pregnant Women in 1st Trimester
Folic Acid-Rich
Key recommendations for Older adults, Dark-skinned, less sunlight exposure
Vit D-rich foods
how to manage weight?
balance calories consumed with calories
expended
What to do to prevent chronic diseases,
manage body weight and prevent weight gain,
and sustain weight loss, helps build & maintain
healthy bones?
Physical activity:
recommended source of fats
fish, nuts, and vegetable oils
which type of fat should we avoid
Solid fats like butter, beef fat, and shortening
recommended cholesterol intake per day
Less than 300 mg cholesterol/day
food that contain solid fat
cheese and pizza
food that contain added sugar
sodas, energy drinks, sports drinks, and fruit drinks
food that contain both solid fat and added sugar
Cakes, cookies, pastries, and donuts
food that contains both solid fat and added sugars
ice cream
food that contain solid fat
ausages, hot dogs, bacon, and ribs
recommended sodium consumption per day
less than 2,300 mg sodium/day.
- Corn, potatoes, squash, cranberries,
pumpkins, beans, wild rice, and cocoa
beans - Wild fruits and fish
- Foods were commonly prepared as
soups or stews or were dried
Native American
Orthodox Jews
generally follow dietary rules.
Conservative Jews
only follow rules in the
home
Reform Jews
may not follow dietary
laws, ceremonial
in kosher food, what do you call qualified person who slaughters animals
schochet
Kosher foods prepared follows 4 rules
- Qualified person slaughters animals “shochet.”
- Meal or poultry must be drained of blood
- Meat is not prepared with milk or milk
products. - Dishes used for meat and dairy are kept
separate.
Food that is not kosher according to Jewish
law is referred to as ?
Treyf
Kosher (rule in Kashruth)
-Dairy and meat are not eaten together.
-The mouth is rinsed between fish and meat.
- Seafood can only be eaten if it has fins and
scales
- No pork and selfish
- Observe days for fasting.
- there is no cooking on the Sabbath.
- Food that is not kosher according to Jewish
law is referred to as “treyf.”
Kosher (rule in Kashruth)
-Dairy and meat are not eaten together.
-The mouth is rinsed between fish and meat.
- Seafood can only be eaten if it has fins and
scales
- No pork and selfish
- Observe days for fasting.
- there is no cooking on the Sabbath.
- Food that is not kosher according to Jewish
law is referred to as “treyf.”
when is meat not allowed in roman catholics?
on Ash Wednesday and Fridays during Lent.
-Includes Christians from the Middle East,
Russia, and Greece
-Meat, poultry, fish, and dairy products are
restricted Wednesdays, Fridays, and during
Lent and Advent.
Eastern Orthodox
- Many are lacto-ovo vegetarians: use milk
products and eggs, but no meat, fish, or
poultry. - Nuts, legumes, and meat substitutes (tofu)
- Coffee, tea, and alcohol considered harmful.
Seventh Day Adventist
Islamic
-Pork and alcohol prohibited; other meat slaughtered
accdng to specific laws.
1) Be slaughtered with a sharp knife that cuts the required veins. 2) The name of Allah (god) must be recited just before slaughtering. 3) The slaughterer must be a Muslim. 4) And the blood must be drained out.
- During the month of Ramadan, Muslims do not eat or drink during daylight hours.
- Consequence - 40 days of a Muslim’s prayers and worship will not be accepted
Islamic
-Pork and alcohol prohibited; other meat slaughtered
accdng to specific laws.
1) Be slaughtered with a sharp knife that cuts the required veins. 2) The name of Allah (god) must be recited just before slaughtering. 3) The slaughterer must be a Muslim. 4) And the blood must be drained out.
- During the month of Ramadan, Muslims do not eat or drink during daylight hours.
- Consequence - 40 days of a Muslim’s prayers and worship will not be accepted
this religion make coffee, tea, and alcohol prohibited.
Mormon
Adherents of Islam are called?
Muslims
They believe that all life sacred; animals and eggs not eaten.
- Most are vegetarians.
Hindu
type of vegetarian
use dairy products and eggs, but no meat, poultry, or fish
Lacto-ovo vegetarians
type of vegetarian
use dairy products but no meat, poultry, or eggs
Lacto-vegetarians:
type of vegetarian
avoid all animal foods;
Vegan
which vitamins caould vegans lack? what disease are they at risk?
calcium, and vitamins A, D, and B12
pernicious anemia
- Developed from Zen Buddhism
- System of 10 diet plans
- Gradually give up foods as follows:
desserts, salads, fruits, animal foods,
soups, and ultimately vegetables, until
only cereals–usually brown rice–are
consumed. - Usually nutritionally inadequate
ZenMacrobiotic Diets
