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Nutri and Diet Therapy > Lesson 2 - Food Patterns > Flashcards

Lesson 2 - Food Patterns Flashcards

1
Q

Which country has a diet that may be high in fat and carbohydrates and limited in protein, iron, calcium, and vitamin and C

A

U.S Southern

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2
Q

Popular foods: corn bread, biscuits, grits, rice, sweet potatoes, squash, Watermelon, oranges, peaches, fried fish, lima beans, green beans cooked with pork, barbecued or stewed meats, and poultry

A

U.S Southern

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2
Q

food combo that make a complete protein.

A

Beans and corn

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2
Q
  • Combination of Spanish & Native American

Popular foods: beans, rice, chili peppers, tomatoes, and tortillas made of corn meal or flour

A

Hispanic

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3
Q

what would improve a hispanic/puerto rican diet?

A

Milk, green and yellow vegetables, and vitamin C -rich foods would improve this diet

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4
Q
  • Popular Foods: rice (basic carbs) beans, peppers, tomatoes, bananas, pineapple, mangoes, papayas, chicken, beef, and pork
A

Puerto Rican

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5
Q

How to improve an Italian Diet?

A

Fat-free milk and low-fat meat

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6
Q
  • Popular foods: pastas, tomato sauce, cheese, fish, meat, and root vegetables
  • Always pair in wine
A

Italian

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7
Q

How to improve middle eastern diet?

A
  • May need extra protein and calcium sources
  • Fresh fruits and vegetables should be added to increase vitamins, minerals and fiber.
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7
Q
  • Popular foods: grains, wheat, rice, chickpeas in the form of hummus, lamb, yogurt, cabbage, grape leaves, eggplant, tomatoes, dates, olives and figs
A

Middle Eastern

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7
Q
  • Popular foods: rice (primary carbs) eggs, pork, and tea soybeans, eggs,
  • Low-fat diet
  • Milk is not common
  • Tea is a common beverage
  • Foods are cut into small pieces
A

Chinese

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7
Q

Popular foods: rice, soybean paste and curd, vegetables, fruits, and fish
- Tempura style (fried)
- Soy sauce (shoyu) and tea are common.

A

Japanese

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8
Q

two countries that diet lacks milk; may be deficient in calcium and excessive in salt

A

Japanese nad Chinese

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9
Q

Popular foods: eggs, dairy products, rice, peas, beans, and spices (curry)
- Diet may be vegetarian
- Eating with one’s fingers is acceptable

A

Indian

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9
Q

Origin of Hinduism

A

India

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9
Q

which food content we must avoid?

A

cholesterol, added sugars, salt, & alcohol

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9
Q
  • Popular foods: rice, curries, vegetables, fruits
  • Fish and meats are used in small amounts
  • Diet mat lack adequate protein and calcium
A

Thai, Vietnamese, Laotian, and Cambodian

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10
Q

Key recommendations for People >50y/o

A

Vit B12 (cobalamin)

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10
Q

Key recommendations for women

A

Iron + Vit C

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11
Q

Key recommendations for pregnant Women in 1st Trimester

A

Folic Acid-Rich

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11
Q

Key recommendations for Older adults, Dark-skinned, less sunlight exposure

A

Vit D-rich foods

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12
Q

how to manage weight?

A

balance calories consumed with calories
expended

13
Q

What to do to prevent chronic diseases,
manage body weight and prevent weight gain,
and sustain weight loss, helps build & maintain
healthy bones?

A

Physical activity:

14
Q

recommended source of fats

A

fish, nuts, and vegetable oils

15
Q

which type of fat should we avoid

A

Solid fats like butter, beef fat, and shortening

16
Q

recommended cholesterol intake per day

A

Less than 300 mg cholesterol/day

17
Q

food that contain solid fat

A

cheese and pizza

18
Q

food that contain added sugar

A

sodas, energy drinks, sports drinks, and fruit drinks

19
Q

food that contain both solid fat and added sugar

A

Cakes, cookies, pastries, and donuts

20
Q

food that contains both solid fat and added sugars

A

ice cream

21
Q

food that contain solid fat

A

ausages, hot dogs, bacon, and ribs

22
Q

recommended sodium consumption per day

A

less than 2,300 mg sodium/day.

23
Q
  • Corn, potatoes, squash, cranberries,
    pumpkins, beans, wild rice, and cocoa
    beans
  • Wild fruits and fish
  • Foods were commonly prepared as
    soups or stews or were dried
A

Native American

24
Q

Orthodox Jews

A

generally follow dietary rules.

25
Q

Conservative Jews

A

only follow rules in the
home

25
Q

Reform Jews

A

may not follow dietary
laws, ceremonial

26
Q

in kosher food, what do you call qualified person who slaughters animals

A

schochet

27
Q

Kosher foods prepared follows 4 rules

A
  • Qualified person slaughters animals “shochet.”
  • Meal or poultry must be drained of blood
  • Meat is not prepared with milk or milk
    products.
  • Dishes used for meat and dairy are kept
    separate.
28
Q

Food that is not kosher according to Jewish
law is referred to as ?

A

Treyf

29
Q

Kosher (rule in Kashruth)

-Dairy and meat are not eaten together.
-The mouth is rinsed between fish and meat.
- Seafood can only be eaten if it has fins and
scales
- No pork and selfish
- Observe days for fasting.
- there is no cooking on the Sabbath.
- Food that is not kosher according to Jewish
law is referred to as “treyf.”

A

Kosher (rule in Kashruth)

-Dairy and meat are not eaten together.
-The mouth is rinsed between fish and meat.
- Seafood can only be eaten if it has fins and
scales
- No pork and selfish
- Observe days for fasting.
- there is no cooking on the Sabbath.
- Food that is not kosher according to Jewish
law is referred to as “treyf.”

30
Q

when is meat not allowed in roman catholics?

A

on Ash Wednesday and Fridays during Lent.

31
Q

-Includes Christians from the Middle East,
Russia, and Greece

-Meat, poultry, fish, and dairy products are
restricted Wednesdays, Fridays, and during
Lent and Advent.

A

Eastern Orthodox

32
Q
  • Many are lacto-ovo vegetarians: use milk
    products and eggs, but no meat, fish, or
    poultry.
  • Nuts, legumes, and meat substitutes (tofu)
  • Coffee, tea, and alcohol considered harmful.
A

Seventh Day Adventist

33
Q

Islamic

-Pork and alcohol prohibited; other meat slaughtered
accdng to specific laws.
1) Be slaughtered with a sharp knife that cuts the required veins. 2) The name of Allah (god) must be recited just before slaughtering. 3) The slaughterer must be a Muslim. 4) And the blood must be drained out.
- During the month of Ramadan, Muslims do not eat or drink during daylight hours.
- Consequence - 40 days of a Muslim’s prayers and worship will not be accepted

A

Islamic

-Pork and alcohol prohibited; other meat slaughtered
accdng to specific laws.
1) Be slaughtered with a sharp knife that cuts the required veins. 2) The name of Allah (god) must be recited just before slaughtering. 3) The slaughterer must be a Muslim. 4) And the blood must be drained out.
- During the month of Ramadan, Muslims do not eat or drink during daylight hours.
- Consequence - 40 days of a Muslim’s prayers and worship will not be accepted

34
Q

this religion make coffee, tea, and alcohol prohibited.

A

Mormon

35
Q

Adherents of Islam are called?

A

Muslims

36
Q

They believe that all life sacred; animals and eggs not eaten.
- Most are vegetarians.

A

Hindu

37
Q

type of vegetarian

use dairy products and eggs, but no meat, poultry, or fish

A

Lacto-ovo vegetarians

38
Q

type of vegetarian

use dairy products but no meat, poultry, or eggs

A

Lacto-vegetarians:

38
Q

type of vegetarian

avoid all animal foods;

A

Vegan

38
Q

which vitamins caould vegans lack? what disease are they at risk?

A

calcium, and vitamins A, D, and B12

pernicious anemia

39
Q
  • Developed from Zen Buddhism
  • System of 10 diet plans
  • Gradually give up foods as follows:
    desserts, salads, fruits, animal foods,
    soups, and ultimately vegetables, until
    only cereals–usually brown rice–are
    consumed.
  • Usually nutritionally inadequate
A

Zen­Macrobiotic Diets

40
Q
A

Nutri and Diet Therapy (9 decks)

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