Fats Flashcards
it has the highest calorie
fats
1 gram of fat is equals to __ calories
9
6 functions of fats
-Provide energy
-Carry fat-soluble vitamins
-Supply essential fatty acids
-Protect and support organs and bones
-Insulate from cold
-Provide satiety after meals
simplest form of fats
fatty acids
visible or invisible fats?
butter or margarine, lard, cooking oils
visible fats
2 families in essential fatty acids?
omega 3 and omega 6
visible or invisible fats?
egg yolk, cheese, cream, and salad dressings
invisible fats
3 classifications of lipids
triglycerides, phospolipids, sterols
how many percent of tryglycerides are in the body?
95
example of non-essential fatty acids
omega 9
which is better, saturated or unsaturated fat? and why
unsat because there is a space between the hydrogen bonds
-Each of its carbon atoms carries all the
hydrogen atoms possible.
-Usually solid at room temperature
Saturated Fats
meat, egg yolks, whole milk,
whole milk cheeses, cream, ice cream,
butter, chocolate, coconut, palm oil
Saturated Fats
recommended total calories of saturated fat
not more than 7%
-Have one place among the carbon atoms
where there are fewer hydrogen atoms
attached than in saturated fats.
-Lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL or
“bad” cholesterol) when they replace
saturated fat in one’s diet
Monounsaturated Fats
olive oil, canola oil, avocados,
cashew nuts
Monounsaturated Fats
Recommended total daily calories of mono unsaturated fats
15%
cooking oils made from
sunflower, safflower, sesame seeds, or
from corn or soybeans; soft margarines
whose major ingredient is liquid vegetable
oil; and fish
Polyunsaturated Fats
Have two or more places among the
carbon atoms where there are fewer
hydrogen atoms attached then in
saturated fats.
Polyunsaturated Fats
Recommended total daily calories of polyunsaturated fats
8% or less
Produced when hydrogen atoms are
added to monounsaturated or
polyunsaturated fats to produce a semi-
solid product such as margarine or
shortening
Trans-Fatty Acids (TFAs)
a process, called ___, turns
polyunsaturated vegetable oils into
saturated fats
hydrogenation
-Exists in animal foods and body cells
-Does not exist in plant foods
-Essential for the synthesis of bile, sex hormones, cortisone, and vitamin D
-Needed by every cell in the body
Cholesterol
how much cholesterol need in the body?
800-1,000mg
normal cholesterol level
less then 200mg/dl
protein fat carrier
lipoproteins
-First lipoprotein identified after eating
-Largest lipoprotein
-Lightest in weight
-Composed of 80%–90% triglycerides
Chylomicron
why is LDL considered as ba cholesterol?
Carry most of the blood cholesterol from
the liver to the cells= forming plaque in the tissues
why is HDL considered as good cholesterol?
Carry cholesterol from the cells to the liver
for eventual excretion
- Phospholipid found in both plant and
animal foods, and is synthesized in the
liver
-Natural emulsifier that helps transport fat
in the bloodstream
Lecithin
