Carnohydrates Flashcards

1
Q
  • Primary source of energy for the body
  • Least expensive and most abundant of
    the energy nutrients
A

carbohydrates

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2
Q

3 main chemical components of carbs

A

carbon, hydrogen, and
oxygen

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2
Q

4 functions of carbs

A

-Provide energy
-Protein-sparing action
-Normal fat metabolism
- Provide fiber

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2
Q

stored form of carbs

A

glycogen

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3
Q

A half day’s supply of carbohydrates is
stored in the ___ and ___ for use as
needed.

A

liver and muscles

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3
Q

1 gram of carbs is equal to how many calories?

A

4

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4
Q

the only monosaccharide that cells allow to enter

A

glucose

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5
Q

glucose is alco called as?

A

dextrose

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5
Q

all forms of carbs will turn into?

A

glucose

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5
Q

three factors that only uses glucose as fuel?

A

CNS, RBC, and Brain

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5
Q

glucose is the only one who can enter the cell by the help of?

A

insulin

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6
Q

another term for fructose

A

levulose / fruit sugar

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7
Q

example of glucose

A

Berries, grapes, sweet corn, and corn syrup

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8
Q

example of fructose

A

Ripe fruits, honey, and soft drinks

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8
Q

Product of the digestion of milk

A

Galactose

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9
Q

table sugar

10
Q

glucose + fructose

11
Q

3 common disaccharide?

A

Sucrose, maltose, and lactose

11
Q

One of the sweetest and least expensive DISACCHARIDE sugars

11
Q
  • Intermediary product in the hydrolysis of
    starch
  • Not as sweet as glucose or sucrose
12
Q
  • Sugar found in milk
  • Distinct from other sugars in that it is not
    found in plants
  • Helps body absorb calcium
  • Not as sweet as monosaccharides or other
    disaccharides
13
Q

-Complex carbohydrates
-Compounds of many monosaccharides

A

Polysaccharides

14
Q

stored form og glucose in plants, and in human?

A

starch, glycogen

15
Q

3 Important polysaccharides in nutrition

A

Starch Glycogen Fiber

16
starch is found in?
grains and vegetables (root crops)
16
Sometimes called animal starch because it is the storage form of glucose in the body
Glycogen
16
Hormone helps liver convert glycogen to glucose as needed
glucagon
16
It is indigestible because it cannot be broken down by digestive enzymes.
Fiber
17
Sources of Polysaccharides cereals, grains, potatoes, corn, beans, and yams
Starch
18
Sources of Polysaccharides glucose stored in liver and muscles
Glycogen
19
Sources of Polysaccharides wheat bran, whole-grain cereals, fruits, green, and leafy vegetables
Cellulose
19
Sources of Polysaccharides whole grains
Hemicellulose: