lesson 2

Question 1

DKA

Answer 1

type 1 diabetic emergency

water moves for intracellular space to intravascular space (no edema)

polyuria (reduce vessel pressure) pees out electrolytes (might be useful to put on cardiac monitor since heart electrolytes are also getting peed out K,NA,Ca)

involve ketones

Question 2

hyperglycaemia is BGL greater then ___

Answer 2

10mmol/L

Question 3

body ph homeostasis

Answer 3

7.35

Question 4

ketones are an…

Answer 4

acid

Question 5

dehydration test

Answer 5

eyelid
skin pinch
thirsty? peeing?
look in mouth

Question 6

DKA mortality rate

Answer 6

6.2%

Question 7

what’s more common DKA or HHNK

Answer 7

DKA!

Question 8

BP for someone with DKA

Answer 8

usually on the higher end

Question 9

when do ketones build up?

Answer 9

DKA

when there is insufficient insulin to fuel body cells

Question 10

someone with type 1 diabetes will have ____ levels of ketones

Answer 10

increased

Question 11

what’s the results of DKA

Answer 11

increased release of glucose

decreased use of glucose

increased BGL

Question 12

what conditions can occur from DKA

Answer 12

ketone formation
osmotic diuresis
dehydration
electrolyte abnormalities

Question 13

DKA causes

Answer 13

missed insulin injections

stress

Question 14

DKA onset

Answer 14

4-6 hours

Question 15

HHNK

Answer 15

occurs in type 2 diabetics

same as DKA but some insulin produced by beta cells

• can result in a coma *

Question 16

HHNK onset

Answer 16

days-weeks

Question 17

3 P’s of hyperglycaemia

Answer 17

polyuria
polydipsia
polyphagia

Question 18

what condition can have a higher BGL DKA or HHNK

Answer 18

HHNK

Question 19

T/F DKA/HHNK are treated the same

Answer 19

T!

Question 20

hyperglycaemia treatment

Answer 20

ensure airway is adequate BVM if needed

100% O2

IV fluids

cardiac rhythm

Question 21

what does HHNK stand for?

Answer 21

Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Non-Ketoacidosis

Question 22

what builds up when there is insufficient insulin

Answer 22

ketones (an acid)

Question 23

HHNK onset

Answer 23

slow

Question 24

3 P’s of hyperglycemia

Answer 24

polyphagia
polydipsia
polyuria

Question 25

HHNK specific symptoms

Answer 25

coma

higher BGL then DKA

Question 26

DKA/HHNK fluids

Answer 26

1 litre over half an hour