Lesson 2 Flashcards
Microbe capable of producing a disease
Causative agent
Are simple, one celled microbes with double cell membranes that protect them from harm
Bacteria
The most common cause of fatal infectious diseases
Bacteria
What are the classification of bacteria
Shape
Need of oxygen
Response to staining
Motility
Tendency to capsulate
Capacity to form spores
3 Types of Shape
Cocci
Bacilli
Spirilla
Two types of oxygen
Aerobic
Anaerobic
Types of grain
Grain + and -
Acid fast
Types of motility
Motile
Non-motile
Types of capsulate
Capsulated
Encapsulated
Rod shape
Bacilli
Spiral shape
Spirilla
A bacterium with flexible, slender, undulating, spiral rods that possess cell wall
Spirochete
3 forms of spirochete
Treponema (Syphilis)
Leptospira (Leptospirosis)
Borrelia (Lyme Disease)
Spirochete: Syphilis
Treponema
Spirochete: Lyme Disease
Borrelia
Spirochete: Leptospirosis
Leptospira
Smallest known microbes
Virus
Small, gram negative (-) bacteria like microbes that can induce life threatening infections
Rickettsia
These are usually transmitted through the bite of arthropod carriers like lice, fleas, ticks, as well as through waste products
Rickettsia
Example of Rickettsia
Typhus fever
Q fever
Smaller than ricketssia but larger than a virus
Chlamydiae
The common cause of infection of the urethra, bladder, fallopian tubes, and the prostate gland
Chlamydiae
The most common chlamydial infection is
Transmitted through sexual contact
It is found almost everywhere on the earth
Fungi
They live in organic matter, soil, water, animals, and plants
Fungi
They also live inside and outside of the body
Fungi
They are much larger than bacteria
Protozoan
Simplest single celled organism of the animal kingdom
Protozoan
Live on or wiithin other organism
Parasites
They live at the expense of others and they don’t usually kill their host but take only the nutrients they need
Parasites
Refers to the environment and objects on which an organism survived and multiplies
Reservoir of infection
3 reservoir of infection
Human reservoir
Animals
Nonliving things
Types of carriers
Incubatory carrier
Convalescent carrier
Intermittent carrier
Chronic or sustained carrier
a person who is incubating the illness
Incubatory carrier
Occasionally sheds the pathogenic organism
Intermittent carrier
A person who always has the infectious organism in his/her system
Chronic or sustained carrier
A person who is at the recovery stage of illness
Convalescent Carrier
The path or way in which the organism leaves the reservoir
Portal of exit
The Common Portal of Exit
Respiratory system
Genitourinary tract
Gastrointestinal tract
Skin and mucous membrane
Placenta
The infectious agent passes through from the portal of exit of the reservoir to the susceptible host
Mode of Transmission
4 models / types of transmission
Contact transmission
Air borne transmission
Vehicle transmission
Vector borne transmission
The most common type of transmission
Contact transmission
3 types of contact transmission
Direct contact
Indirect contact
Droplet spread
Occurs when a susceptible person comes in contact with a contaminated object
Indirect contact
A transmission through contact with respiratory secretions when the infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks
Droplet spread
Refers to a person to person transder of organism
Direct contact
Occurs when a susceptible person comes in contact with a contaminated object
Indirect contact
When fine microbial particles or dust particles containing microbes remain suspended in the air for a prolonged period
Air borne transmission
Occurs when intermediate carriers such as fleas, flies, and mosquitoes transfer microbes to another living organism
Vector borne transmission
The transmission of infectious disease through articles or substances that harbor the organism until it is ingested or inoculated into the host
Vehicle transmission
The venue where the organism gains entrance into the susceptible host
Portal of entry
