lesson 15 - redefinition & determination of death

Question 1

To know or to be able to determine the
exact point in time when a person is dead

Answer 1

Redefine

Question 2

Two important reasons of redefine death

Answer 2

1. There is a widespread and increasing use of new devices for prolonging life
2. There is a great demand for cadaver organs for transplantations

Question 3

o Artificial respirator
o Electronic pacemakers
o Intravenous injection
o Feeding machines

They are under what reason of redefine death?

Answer 3

There is a widespread and increasing use of new devices for prolonging life

Question 4

o Eyes
o Heart
o Kidneys
o Bone marrow

They are under of what reason of redefine death?

Answer 4

There is a great demand for cadaver organs for
transplantations

Question 5

List down the reasons why some would not attach the dying person to life- maintaining devices

Answer 5

1) To avoid paying the numerous expenses
2) To eliminate the suffering of the dying individual
3) To be able to use life-support machines for patients who have better chances of survival

Question 6

A person is dead when the heart has stopped beating.

Answer 6

Physiological Definition

Question 7

Death means the separations of soul and body.

Answer 7

Religious or Philosophical Definition

Question 8

Viewed as the principal of life

Answer 8

Soul

Question 9

This refers to a condition in which the brain is completely destroyed, and in which the cessation of function if all other organs are imminent and inevitable

Answer 9

Brain Death Definition

Question 10

Determines the total or irreversible loss if circulatory and the respiratory functions.
Others include absence of receptivity and responsiveness, absence of movement or breathing, and absence of reflexes

Answer 10

Electro Encephalography (EEG)

Question 11

This refers to the disintegration and breakdown to the metabolic processes of the body’s substance. This definition considers the irreversible loss of neo-cotical activity as the only
significant criterion

Answer 11

Cellular Definition

Question 12

_____ is the cessation of life; the total arrest of both intellectual and physiological functions in an individual; total ceasing of the circulation blood and of all vital functions, such as respiration and pulsation

Answer 12

Death

Question 13

Death is the _____ of life; the total arrest of both intellectual and physiological functions in an individual; total ceasing of the circulation blood and of all vital functions, such as respiration and pulsation

Answer 13

Cessation

Question 14

Agree that the complete and permanent absence of any brain related vital bodily function in an individual means that the individuals is
dead at least for purpose of definition.

Answer 14

Jewish, Roman Catholic, and Protestant scholars

Question 15

The irreversible cessation of all vital bodily functions are accepted as reasonably accurate indicators which are adequate justifications for allowing such a processes as:

Answer 15

Embalming and Autopsy

Question 16

Irreversible cessation of all functions of the entire brain, including the brain stem.

Answer 16

Brain Death

Question 17

The organ inside the head that controls thought, memory, feelings, and physical activity.

Answer 17

Brain

Question 18

The irreversible cessation of circulatory and respiratory functions or the irreversible cessation of all functions of the entire brain, including the brain stem.

Answer 18

Death

Question 19

A legacy of donation of all or part of a human body authorizes any examination necessary to assure medical acceptability of the legacy or donation for the purpose(s) intended. For
purposes of this Act, an autopsy shall be conducted on the cadaver of accident, trauma, or other medico-legal cases immediately after the pronouncement of death, to determine
qualified and healthy human organs for transplantation and/or in furtherance of medical science.

This is what section of RA 7170?

Answer 19

Section 5

Question 20

Section 5 of RA 7170

Answer 20

Examination of Human Body or Part Thereof

Question 21

Organ Donation Act of 1991

Answer 21

RA 7170

Question 22

RA 7170 is also known as the _____

Answer 22

Organ Donation Act of 1991

Question 23

This indicates how dying individuals think about death and include acceptance and denial.

Answer 23

Cognitive Attitudes

Question 24

“All that are born are bound to die.”

What type of attitude?

Answer 24

Cognitive Attitudes

Question 25

“I’m still strong, I won’t die.”

What type of attitude?

Answer 25

Cognitive Attitudes

Question 26

Which bear out the feelings of the dying individual may include depression, sense of loss, and fear

Answer 26

Affective Attitudes

Question 27

“My life is worthless, I only wait for death.”

What type of attitude?

Answer 27

Affective Attitudes

Question 28

Include anger or irritability, fear, resentment, bargaining.

Answer 28

Behavioral Attitudes

Question 29

“Oh god, why me? There are more evil why aren’t they the one’s suffering like this?”

What type of attitude?

Answer 29

Behavioral Attitudes

Question 30

“Oh God, don’t take me first, I have much more to accomplish in my life.”

What type of attitude?

Answer 30

Behavioral Attitudes

Question 31

“Hopefully not now.”

What type of attitude?

Answer 31

Behavioral Attitudes

Question 32

“I don’t want to die yet.”

What type of attitude?

Answer 32

Behavioral Attitudes

Question 33

Russian theologian

Answer 33

Nikolai Berdyaev

Question 34

States that only death can give meaning to life without death, life would be meaningless. Meaning is bound up with the end. Thus, our last hope lies in death. Immortality can be attained only through death. This is death’s great paradox. Death, then, is only a path, or an intermission number between the present and the hereafter.

Answer 34

Nikolai Berdyaev

Question 35

Athenian thinker

Answer 35

Epicurus

Question 36

Either there is immortality or there is none. If
there is, then we should be glad there is death, for once we are dead we shall become immortal; if there is none, then death is our final liberation from pain and suffering. In either case, therefore, we should not fear death but be happy about it. Moreover, continues Epicurus, if we are still alive, death has not yet come; but once we are dead, then death cannot touch us anymore. Therefore, whether we are alive or dead, death cannot touch us. We should not fear death.

Answer 36

Epicurus

Question 37

A German existentialist

Answer 37

Martin Heidegger

Question 38

Views death as the completion of life, for unless and until one dies, one’s life is not yet complete; hence his concept of man as being-towards death

Answer 38

Martin Heidegger

Question 39

Quote Jesus Christ as saying “ I am the resurrection and the life; he that believes in Me, though He were dead, shall live again; and whoever lives and believes in Me shall never die.”

Answer 39

John the Evangelist

Question 40

Regards death as a part of nature: it declares that a person is dead once the soul leaves the body.

What Ethical Theory is this?

Answer 40

Natural Law

Question 41

The branch death definition seems to be
in keeping with the utility precept, i.e, promoting as better as possible and avoiding further harm and pain, if the dying patient is detached from all lifesupporting machines. Even the donation of transplantable vital organs, at least with informed consent, is warranted by the greatest happiness for the greatest number principle.

What Ethical Theory is this?

Answer 41

Utilitarian

Question 42

This may also justify the unplugging of life-sustaining machines if and when they are no longer useful to the dying person at least, in fairness to the patient, so that they will not prolong his suffering.

What Ethical Theory is this?

Answer 42

Rowl’s Concept of Justice