LESSON 15 part 1 Flashcards
Illnesses caused by an infectious agent or its toxic products that is transmitted directly or indirectly to a person, animal, etc.
Communicable Diseases
It is transmitted by direct physical contact
Contagion
It is transmitted indirectly through contaminated food, body fluids, objects, airborne inhalation or through vector organisms
Infectious Disease
What is the TOP 1 cause of morbidity in the philippines
Acute Respiratory Infection
What is the TOP 10 cause of morbidity in the philippines
Injuries
‘Three Major Components’ of the Epidemiologic Triangle
Agent
Host
Environment
Organism involved in the development of the disease
Agent
It must be present for an infection to occur
Agent
Examples of this are bacteria, viruses, protozoa, helmiths, etc.
Agent
Organism that HARBORS and provides nutrition for the agent
Host
Most often the host of infectious organisms
Humans
Conditions in which the agent may exist, survive, or originate
Environment
Environment comprises of the following elements:
Physical
Biological
Socioeconomic
It is any organism capable of producing disease
Causative Agent
It is the habitat in which the agent normally lives, grows, and multiplies
Reservoir
A person with inapparent infection who is ‘capable of transmitting the pathogen to others’
Carrier
Those who never experience symptoms despite being infected
Asymptomatic or passive carriers
Those who can transmit the agent during the incubation period before clinical illness begins
Incubatory carrier
Those who have recovered from their illness but remain capable of transmitting to others
Convalescent Carriers
Those who continue to harbor a pathogen such as hepatitis B virus or salmonella typhi
Chronic Carriers
The causative agent of typhoid fever
Salmonella Typhi
Person who are aware of their illness
Symptomatic Persons
Refers to an infectious disease that is transmissible under natural conditions from vertebrate animals to humans
Zoonosis
The path by which a pathogen leaves its host
Portal of Exit
Usually corresponds to the site where the pathogen is localized
Portal of Exit
An infectious agent may be transmitted from its natural reservoir to a susceptible host in different ways
Mode of Transmission
A contact that occurs through skin-to-skin contact, kissing, and sexual intercourse
Direct contact
Also refers to the contact with the soil or vegetation harboring infectious organisms
Direct contact
It is known as the KISSING DISEASE
Mononucleosis
It refers to SPRAY with relatively large, short-range aerosols produced by sneezing, coughing, or even talking
Droplet Spread
It occurs when infectious agents are are carried by DUST OR DROPLET NUCLEI SUSPENDED IN THE AIR
Airborne
It may indirectly transmit an infectious agent include food, water, biologic products, and fomites
Vehicle borne
A term for inanimate objects such as handkerchiefs, bedding, or surgical scalpels
Fomites
Such as mosquitoes, fleas, and ticks may carry an infectious agent
Vectors
Refers to the way a pathogen enters a susceptible host
Portal of Entry
The FINAL LINK in the chain of infection
Host
Refers to protective antibodies that are directed against a specific agent
Specific Immunity
Correct order of the chain of infection
Infectious Agent
Reservoir
Portal of Exit
Mode of Transmission
Portal of Entry
Susceptible Host
