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Pcol2 > LESSON 12: Local Anesthetics > Flashcards

LESSON 12: Local Anesthetics Flashcards

1
Q

induce unconsciousness to the patient

A

General anesthetics

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2
Q

patient is concious pero walang nararamdamang pain

A

Local anesthetics

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3
Q

1st local anesthetic discovered

A

Cocaine

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4
Q

Only natural local anestehti

A

Cocaine

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5
Q

1st synthetic derivative of cocaine

A

Procaine

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6
Q

Most widely used derivative of cocaine

A

Lidocaine

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7
Q

Esters

A

● Tetracaine (Long action)
● Procaine (Short action)
● Benzocaine, cocaine (Surface action)

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8
Q

Amides

A

● Bupivacaine, ropivacaine (Long action) ● Lidocaine (Medium action)

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9
Q

Often used as surface anesthesia

A

Benzocaine

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10
Q

Used in dentistry to numb gingiva

A

Benzocaine

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11
Q

Benzocaine is available as

A

cream, ointment, patch

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12
Q

Injected in surgical wound sites to reduce pain for
up to 20hrs after surgery

A

Bupivacaine

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13
Q

Bupivacaine is administered via

A

epidural

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14
Q

Also used as an Anti-arrythmic drug → reduces
rate of depolarization; Admin via epidural

A

Lidocaine

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15
Q

unstable in solution, more prone to hypersensitivity reaction; in general shorter duration of action

A

Ester

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16
Q

stable in soln; in general longer duration of action (

A

Amides

17
Q

Metabolized in the plasma via pseudocholinesterase enzyme

A

AMINO ESTER

18
Q

Unstable in solution

A

AMINO ESTER

19
Q

More prone to hypersensitivity

A

AMINO ESTER

20
Q

Shorter DOA

A

AMINO ESTER

21
Q

Metabolized in the liver

A

AMINO AMIDE

22
Q

Stable in solution

A

AMINO AMIDE

23
Q

Longer DOA

A

AMINO AMIDE

24
Q

Local anesthetics are weak __________, slightly alkaline

A

bases

25
Q

____________(unionized/ionized) form → penetrate cell membrane →
effective

A

unionized

26
Q

All are VASODILATORS except

A

Cocaine

27
Q

Onset of action may be accelerated by the addition of

A

Sodium bicarbonate

28
Q

fastest onset of action

A

Articaine

29
Q

a racemic mixture → severe cardiovascular
toxicity, including arrhythmias and hypotension

A

Bupivacaine

30
Q

less cardiotoxic than Bupivacaine

A

levobupivacaine

Pcol2 (20 decks)

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