Lab_GIT

Question 1

stimulate acid
secretion

Answer 1

• Acetylcholine * Histamine * Gastrin

Question 2

inhibits acid secretion

Answer 2

somatostatin

Question 3

Physical barrier between the lumen and
epithelium

Answer 3

Mucous neck cell (Mucus)

Question 4

Buffers gastric acid to prevent epithelial
damage

Answer 4

Bicarbonate

Question 5

Activates pepsin; Kills bacteria

Answer 5

Parietal cell [Gastric acid (HCl)]

Question 6

Vitamin B12 absorption

Answer 6

Intrinsic factor

Question 7

Stimulates gastric acid secretion

Answer 7

Enterochromaffin-like cell (ECL)
[Histamine]

Question 8

Protein digestion

Answer 8

Chief cell (Pepsin)

Question 9

Stimulates gastric acid secretion

Answer 9

Antral G cells (Gastrin)

Question 9

Fat digestion

Answer 9

Gastric lipase

Question 10

Inhibits gastric acid secretion

Answer 10

Antral D cells (Somatostatin)

Question 11

Tertiary amine belladonna alkaloid

Answer 11

ATROPINE

Question 12

cholinergic antagonist

Answer 12

ATROPINE

Question 13

Atropine competes with ________ at the muscarinic
receptors causing blockade of cholinergic
effects → ________ GI motility

Answer 13

Ach ; decrease

Question 14

T/F: Atropine is reversible

Answer 14

T

Question 15

Therapeutic use of atropine

Answer 15

Antispasmodic

Question 16

indirectly acting cholinergic agonist
(acetylcholinesterase inhibitor)

Answer 16

NEOSTIGMINE

Question 17

Neostigmine MOA: : carbamate esters by binding
with ______________ →
increases Ach at the synaptic cleft →
________ cholinergic effects → increase GI motility

Answer 17

acetylcholinesterase; increase

Question 18

Selective anticholinergic with antispasmodic
activity

Answer 18

DICYCLOMINE

Question 19

Inhibit muscarinic cholinergic receptors

Answer 19

DICYCLOMINE, N-HYOSCINE-BUTYLBROMIDE

Question 20

Direct smooth muscle relaxant

Answer 20

DICYCLOMINE

Question 21

No effect on gastric acid secretion

Answer 21

DICYCLOMINE

Question 22

Use of DICYCLOMINE

Answer 22

Antispasmodics

Question 23

Synonyms of DICYCLOMINE

Answer 23

Dicycloverine

Question 24

T/F: N-HYOSCINE-BUTYLBROMIDE also Inhibit muscarinic cholinergic receptors

Answer 24

T

Question 25

Use of N-HYOSCINE-BUTYLBROMIDE

Answer 25

Antispasmodics

Question 26

Synonym of N-HYOSCINE-BUTYLBROMIDE

Answer 26

Scopolamine butylbromide

Question 27

ANTIDIARRHEAL AGENTS

Answer 27

Opioid agonist – Loperamide, Diphenoxylate
Kaolin & Pectin (Kaopectate

Question 28

inhibition of presynaptic cholinergic nerves

Answer 28

Loperamide, Diphenoxylate

Question 28

Loperamide, Diphenoxylate are used as

Answer 28

treatment of diarrhea

Question 29

Kaolin (hydrated magnesium silicate or attapulgite) + pectin
(indigestible carbohydrate derived from apples)

Answer 29

Kaopectate

Question 30

adsorbent of bacteria, toxins and fluid → decreasing
stool liquidity

Answer 30

Kaopectate

Question 31

Kaopectate is used as

Answer 31

Antidiarrheal

Question 32

Bile salt binding resins adsorb bile salt (which cause secretory
diarrhea and __________

Answer 32

C. difficile toxin

Question 32

Bile salt binding resins (e.g. cholestyramine,
colestipol) use

Answer 32

treat diarrhea caused by C. difficile and bile salts

Question 33

regulatory peptide slows GI motility and
intestinal fluid secretion

Answer 33

Somatostatin, Octreotide

Question 34

effective for diarrhea due to vagotomy,
short bowel syndrome

Answer 34

Somatostatin, Octreotide

Question 35

Agents that Reduce Gastric Acidity

Answer 35

Antacids
* H2-receptor antagonist
* Proton pump inhibitor

Question 36

Mucosal protective agents

Answer 36

• Sucralfate
• Prostaglandin analog (Misoprostol)

Question 37

Laxatives

Answer 37

• Bulk
• Osmotic
• Stool softener
• cathartic