LESSON 11: Antipyretics

Question 1

Body temperature is controlled by the _________

Answer 1

hypothalamus

Question 2

This is where (1) warmth/cold receptors in the skin and the (2) from the temperature of the blood bathing the regio

Answer 2

Range of 36.5 - 37.5oC (97.7 - 99.5oF)

Question 3

Rectal temperatures are
generally

Answer 3

0.4oC (0.7oF) higher than oral readings

Question 4

A fever of >41.5oC (>106.7oF) is called

Answer 4

hyperpyrexia

Question 5

is characterized by an uncontrolled increase in body temperature that exceeds the body’s ability to lose heat.

Answer 5

Hyperthermia (heat stroke)

Question 6

T/F: Hypothermia Do not respond to antipyretics

Answer 6

True

Question 7

a substance causing induction of a febrile response which can be fatal in humans and animals

Answer 7

Pyrogen

Question 8

are
derived from outside the patient; most are microbial products, microbial toxins, or whole microorganisms (including viruses).

Answer 8

Exogenous pyrogens

Question 9

the lipopolysaccharide complex associated with the outer membrane of ALL gram-negative bacteria.

Answer 9

bacterial endotoxin

Question 10

highly biologic or biogenic molecules in humans, produces fever or leukocytosis or even generalized symptoms of varied malaise or weakness

Answer 10

Endotoxins

Question 11

Reactions to endotoxins lead to

Answer 11

anaphylactic shock and death of patient

Question 12

Pyrogenic products of gram-positive organisms include the enterotoxins of _______________ and the A and B streptococcal toxins, also called

Answer 12

Staphylococcus aureu; superantigens

Question 13

is associated with microbiological contamination of parenteral products

Answer 13

Pyrogenicity

Question 14

Common MOA of NSAIDs

Answer 14

Inhibits cyclooxygenase → inhibits prostaglandin

Question 15

Examples of NSAIDs

Answer 15

Diclofenac
Phenylbutazone
Ketorolac
Piroxicam
Ketoprofen
Nabumetone
Ibuprofen
Indomethacin
Mefenamic acid
Tenoxicam
Phenylbutazone
ASA
Indomethacin
Sulindac
Naproxen

Question 16

_______________ → Cyclooxygenase Reaction → ____________________ → Peroxidase reaction → _________________ → Prostaglandins, Prostacyclin, Thromboxanes

Answer 16

Arachidonic acid; Prostaglandin G2; Prostaglandin A2

Question 17

SELECTIVE COX INHIBITORS

Answer 17

Celecoxib
Etoricoxib
Meloxicam
Valdecoxib & Rofecoxib

Question 18

Drugs with FDA Black box warning

Answer 18

Selective Cox inhibitors

Question 19

This decreases incidence of coronary artery thrombosis and myocardial infarction

Answer 19

ASPIRIN

Question 20

ADE: Reye’s syndrome

Answer 20

ASPIRIN

Question 21

ASPIRIN has ___________, __________, ____________ effects

Answer 21

Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Antipyretic

Question 22

Toxicity of Aspirin

Answer 22

Salicylism

Question 23

Treatment of Aspirin Toxicity

Answer 23

Decrease absorption
Enhance excretion
Supportive measures

Question 24

Aspirin inhibits renal elimination of __________ thus resulting in an _______________

Answer 24

lithium; elevated lithium levels

Question 25

Aspirin decreases effects of ____________

Answer 25

antigout

Question 26

Aspirin may casse fluid retention and edema, thus decreasing the effect of

Answer 26

antihypertensives

Question 27

Aspirin has additive effect on

Answer 27

anticoagulants

Question 28

Aspirin displaces antidiabetic agents from plasma proteins -> ____________ effects → ___________ agents

Answer 28

increase; hypoglycemia

Question 29

Aspirin increase risk of

Answer 29

methotrexate

Question 30

Acetaminophen, APAP (n-acetyl-p-aminophenol)

Answer 30

PARACETAMOL

Question 31

Paracetamol ADE

Answer 31

Jaundice

Question 32

possess no significant anti-inflammatory effect

Answer 32

PARACETAMOL

Question 33

Treatment for toxicity

Answer 33

Acetylcysteine