🧪 • Lesson 1.2 : Biological Molecules & Enzymes (Bio) Flashcards
After this lesson, you will be able to list the chemical elements that make up organisms, as well as describe enzymes in the metabolism and their actions.
What elements make up carbohydrates?
Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O)
What elements make up fats?
Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O)
What elements make up proteins?
Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N)
What is starch, glycogen and cellulose made from?
Glucose
What are proteins made from?
Amino acids
What are fats and oils made from?
Fatty acids and glycerol
What is the Iodine solution test for?
Starch test
What is Benedict’s solution test for?
Reducing sugars
What is the Biuret test for?
Proteins
What is the Ethanol emulsion test for?
Fats and oils
Describe Enzymes
Enzymes are proteins that are involved in all metabolic reactions, where they function as biological catalysts.
How do temperature and pH affect enzyme activity?
Temperature: Too high will increase kinetic energy and cause denaturation (enzyme loses shape).
pH: Extreme pH can also cause denaturation (changes enzyme shape).
What is enzyme specificity?
Enzymes are specific because the active site and substrate have a complementary shape that fits perfectly.
